EXPERIMENT STATION BULLETINS. 407 



Red Astraclian, Early Strawberry, Titovka, Early Joe, Dickinson, 

 Duchess, Canada Baldwin, Lowell, Bailey Sweet, No. 1 New, Evans, 

 Stark, Ronk, Glowing Coal, Indian, Kinnaird, Oldenburg, Pewaukee, 

 Fanny, Bietigheimer, Water, Wolf River, Munson and Walker. 



GRAPES. 



As the freeze killed back all of the grape vines, advantage of the 

 opportunity w^as taken and the trellises were changed from the four 

 horizontal overhead wires to the more common way of having two 

 wires, one above the other. The old method, forming a T-shaped sys- 

 tem, presented a very nice appearance in the vineyard but was rather 

 troublesome for both spraying and picking, as all of the grapes grew 

 on the underside and were completely covered by leaves. It necessitated 

 getting down on one's knees under the vine to pick the fruit. This 

 method also shaded the fruit from the sun. 



New posts were put in throughout the entire vineyard. With few 

 exceptions all of the vines sprouted at the base and all but the strongest 

 shoot was removed and on this the side shoots were rubbed off so that 

 all of the energy was used in an upward direction. Then the shoots were 

 trained to a string tied to the wire overhead. 



There was no difference noted in the resistance of varieties to the 

 freeze. Vines on poorer soil suffered most, some of them dying, and 

 those with a tree to the north suffered the least. There was no fruit ex- 

 cept on the Worden, which had protection from neighboring trees. 



QUINCES. 



The quince crop was better than that of any other fruit. All varieties 

 bore well. Alaska had the best crop. Fuller and Missouri Mammoth 

 also had very good crops. Angers, VanDeman, Orange and Rea bore 

 moderatel}' well. For size and appearance the fruit of the Missouri 

 Mammoth was the best. All of the fruit was comparatively free from 

 blemishes. 



NUTS. 



None of the nuts bore except a few hazelnuts. The freeze seriously 

 affected the Japanese walnuts, both the Sieboldiana and the Cordiformis. 

 The entire top was killed except in limbs that measured three inches in 

 diameter, or more. Due to the fact that it was hard to tell how much 

 of the wood was killed during last winter and that the tree bled after 

 the sap started, the ti-ees were left untouched until the present dormant 

 season. 



The new growth of the chestnuts was killed on most of the varieties. 

 The Jai)anese chestnuts were all killed and all of the nuts on the trees 

 at the time of the freeze were destroyed. 



The hazelnuts and filberts were not affected at all. and it is a peculiar 

 fact that, although the pecan is a southern tree and is too far north 

 to bear, it was not injured. 



