no ANNUAL REPORT OF THE OS. Doc. 



himself and hold them during the period of quarantine which was 

 ninety days. These animals were divided into two lots. About 

 forty of them were taken to Henry Palmer's place in Chester; the 

 balance to Mr. Hughes' place at Oxford. They were treated and held 

 in close quarantine but released and sold at the expiration of ninety 

 days with no further trouble. Mr. Hughes claims that he was told, 

 by the owners of the boat, that the cattle which returned in the boat 

 in which his were brought over, developed the disease on the return 

 voyage, and England thought the infection came from the United 

 States. This information was obtained from Mr. Palmer. The 

 records do not appear to be verified at Washington. 



In the fall of 1902 an outbreak occurred at Chelsea, Massachusetts. 

 This infection was carried to four states. 244 herds were infested 

 and 4,661 animals destroyed. It took eleven months to exterminate 

 the disease and the owners were paid in indemnity |128,908.57. 



The country was then free from the disease for six years. In the 

 early part of November, 1908, it was diagnosed in the region of Dan- 

 ville, Montour county. Pa. It was later found that the infection 

 came from Michigan through the Buffalo yards, was brought into 

 Pennsylvania by cattle shipped from Buffalo and carried to eight 

 different districts in the State. One hundred herds were infected in 

 this outbreak. 1,320 cattle, 977 hogs, 52 sheep, and 3 goats were de- 

 stroyed. It took five months and two weeks to free the State from 

 this infection. 



Infection in the 1902 and probably the 1908 outbreaks was later 

 traced by the Bureau of Animal Industry to smallpox vaccine that 

 had been imported from Japan several years previous. 



Another period of six years with freedom from foot-and-mouth 

 disease followed the 1908 outbreak. Practically six years to the day 

 from the time of the previous outbreak, the disease again occurred 

 in Pennsylvania. This time the infection was carried to many more 

 herds. 



On October 19, 1914, Dr. John R. Mohler, Acting Chief of the 

 Bureau of Animal Industry, called the office of the State Livestock 

 Sanitary Board at Harrisburg and reported that foot-and-mouth dis- 

 ease had been discovered in Michigan and that the Federal Govern- 

 ment had quarantined Berrien and Cass counties, Michigan, and SI. 

 Joseph and LaPorte counties in Indiana on that date. It was thought 

 at that time that the quarantined area was sufficiently large to cover 

 all infected territory. Within two hours from the time this informa 

 tion was received, a circular letter was posted from the Harrisburg 

 office to nearly nine hundred veterinarians in the State and many of 

 the shippers and livestock men notifying them of the outbreak and 

 warning them to be on the lookout for any symptoms of the disease. 

 The officers and regular agents of the Board were apprehensive of 

 danger. Fortunately, the records of the previous outbreak were kept 

 on file. The late Dr. Leonard Pearson had written a detailed and 

 minute record of the events connected with the outbreak of 1908. 

 These records were printed in the Annual Report of the Department 

 of Agriculture for that year. After the report of the disease was 

 received on October 19. 1914, these records were carefully reviewed 

 and proved of inestimable value in handling the extensive outbreak 

 which soon appeared. 



