No. 6. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE. 371 



we will cite tlie Jersey island. As an example of a small community 

 building up a lepulatiou as a Holstein-Friesian center, we will tell 

 about Lake Mills, Wisconsin. 



In the consideration of such a subject as community breeding, it 

 is well for us to note what bas actually been done along such lines. 

 One of the very best illustrations of community breeding is to be 

 seen in the Island of Jersey. In the year 17SU the dairy farmers of 

 Jersey succeeded in getting passed a law which very explicitly pro- 

 hibited the importation of any cattle whatsoever for breeding pur- 

 poses. After 1781) the cattle which were sent to the Island were sent 

 for beef purposes only. They had to be slaughterd within a few 

 days after reaching the Island of Jersey. 



What has been the result of such a consistent effort in community 

 breeding? One result has been a steady demand for these com- 

 munity-bred cattle. Cattle breeders from Jingland, Denmark, Ger- 

 many, France, the United States, and other countries went to Jersey 

 Island to buy cattle because they knew that everybody on the Island 

 was interested in the same breed of dairy cattle. Since everyont 

 there owned cattle of the same breed, buyers were sure to get pure- 

 bred animals. Furthermore, a dealer's chances for filling a large 

 order for a special breed of cattle were good in a community where 

 every dairyman kept the same breed of cows. 



Other breeds of livestock owe their origin and development to 

 community breeding. For instance, in the province of La Berche, 

 in France, the community took an interest in the breeding of a cer- 

 tain type of horse. The famous Percheron, which resulted from 

 this community breeding, is still eagerly sought for by buyers from 

 other countries. 



Every breed of improved domestic animal that we have to-day is 

 the result of community breeding. Among cattle, we have already 

 mentioned the Jerseys. We might also name, as examples of com- 

 munity breeding, the Guernsey, from the Island of Guernsey, the 

 Ayrshire, from the county of Ayr, in Scotland, and the Holstein- 

 Friesian, from the province of Friesland, in Holland. 



A good example of the value of community breeding, is seen in 

 the community breeding of Holsteins at Lake Mills, Wisconsin. Over 

 $175,000 worth of Holsteins are shipped out of this community 

 yearly. In a single year from 40 to 50 carloads of grade Holsteins 

 left this community for Mexico. One buyer is reported to have pur- 

 chased as high as 800 head. On May 5 and 6 last, there were 125 

 head of Holstein sold at an average price of $283.56. One bull. King 

 Segis Pontiac Polkadst, consigned at his sale, sold for $6,800. 

 Eighteen animals sold for $375 or above, sixteen for $400 or above, 

 twelve for $425 or above, eight for $450 or above, and five for $500 

 or above. 



Buyers are attracted to such a sale as the one held at Lake Mills, 

 Wisconsin, because they feel reasonably certain of being able to buy 

 in large quantities and also of having considerable opportunity for 

 selection in sections where community breeding is practised. The 

 breeders can co-operate in advertising their stock. If we look 

 through any of the larger dairy papers we will find the advertise- 

 ment from a community breeders' association. The expense of this 

 advertisement is borne by the association. This is cheaper than a 

 large number of small insertions. The prospective buyer writes to 

 the secretary and the secretary in turn sends to the buyer a list 



