404 STATE POMOLOGICAL SOCIETY. 



cultivated ; apples while youug ; but that pears do better iu grass. Thought 

 that plowing pears had increased their destruction by blight. 



The President closed the discussion by saying that his experience was all in 

 favor of cultivation. You could not grow the finest fruit, such as was now 

 demanded, without it. Does not care whether you make mellow by manure or 

 plowing. Men could easily allow their trees to stand in grass, in fact that was 

 the natural temptation. They could turn them out to grass, and as soon as 

 they do that, they might grub them up at once. He had found that cultiva- 

 tion alone was at least as much to be recommended as grassing, even with the 

 most unlimited amount of fertilizing. 



The Society, at this point, adjourned to 7 o'clock in the evening. 



EVENING SESSION. 



The Society was called to order at 7:30 o'clock by Mr. Graves, the Vice 

 President, who, in the absence of the President, Mr. Bany, occupied the chair. 

 The first subject for discussion was 



THE V^^INTER PROTECTIOiT OR CARE OF GRAPE VINES. 



Mr. C. L. Hoag, of Lockport, thought that if grape vines were tender, they 

 should be protected. 



Mr. J. H. Babcock said hardy varieties do not need protection, and he did 

 not think it best to cultivate any others. Our leading sorts will endure the 

 winter, exposed upon the trellis, and he did not consider it any advantage to 

 cover them. 



Mr. Craine finds it better to leave the vines on the trellis, better than laying 

 them down. Those on the ground were injured more than those left on the 

 trellis. Seldom loses buds from winter; sometimes young vines are injured, 

 but old ones rarely, unless vines overbear and do not ripen their wood. 



Mr. Farley, of Union Springs, said that hardy vines are seldom injured in 

 his locality when left upon the trellis. Tender varieties he cuts loose from 

 trellis, lays upon the ground, and places a weight ujDon them. When covered 

 with earth had not done well. 



Mr. Smith, of Syracuse, said : Occasionally grapes killed in his locality. He 

 lays on the ground, and covers with a shovelful of earth. Isabellas and Cataw- 

 bas were sometimes injured on trellis. 



Dr. Dunham, of Ohio, believed that vines that will not stand the winter 

 should be rejected. Last winter vines killed from overbearing. Vineyards of 

 Catawba had borne from five to six tons to the acre the previous year, prevent- 

 ing the vines from maturing. He has nearly twenty acres, and with the excep- 

 tion of last year, has not failed of realizing a good crop in fifteen years. Con- 

 cord is hardy with him. Does not cover any of his vines, but rejects those not 

 hardy enough to stand the winter without. 



Mr. Harrison, of Ohio, said that two years old vines had killed with him,, 

 and it could not be attributed to overbearing. His vines had mildewed. Mr. 

 Dunham thought the mildewing accounted for their winter-killing. 



