82 STATE HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY. 



When you kill an animal, you do not have to go and smear that animal 

 over with something filthy in order to cause it to decay, in order to cause 

 that meat to become putrescent. All you have to do is to let it alone, because 

 the germs are in it already. If the animal is wild game and is hung up in 

 the market without being drawn — which is a crime and ought to be pro- 

 hibited by law — it very soon decays, becomes permeated with these putre- 

 factive germs. 



Buttermilk is another good thing, and that is why buttermilk and kumyss 

 are so very valuable. 



Another word about the food value of fruit. People have no idea, the 

 average man, how much value there is in fruit. For instance, the oyster 

 I was speaking about that we had at the banquet last night. I say that 

 I excused myself. The oyster has eleven calories or food units to the ounce. 

 You know what a calorie is. It is just 4 times as big as the heat unit; 4 

 times as great as the British unit; the British unit is the amount of heat 

 required to raise 2 quarts of water one degree in temperature; to raise 4 

 pounds of water one degree in temperature, or one pound of water to 4 de- 

 grees in temperature. Every stick of wood has a certain number of heat 

 units in it. Food is fuel for the body just exactly as coal is fuel for the 

 locomotive; it is necessary to keep the body warm, that is what we eat for. 

 Four-fifths of all we eat goes to keep us warm ; only about ten per cent of the 

 food stuffs we eat actually are utilized in work. If you had such a poor 

 locomotive, if you had such a poor engine as that, you would change for 

 another one, because the best boilers are able to utilize a great deal more 

 of the energy than that. 



In food we have two kinds of fuel, just as in a locomotive. When the loco- 

 motive comes down the tracks it stops and some coal is put in; it stops at 

 Marshall and at Albion, and by and by, when it gets to Jackson they take 

 the locomotive off and run it into the repair shop; it goes in there for another 

 kind of fuel ; it takes on coal at all the little way stations, and when it gets 

 to the repair shop it goes into the round house and has to have another kind 

 of fuel supplied to it; and the fuel is metal fuel put on there in the round 

 house: A bolt has dropped out, a nut has fallen off, a bearing is worn out. 

 Some metal repairs must be applied to the locomotive. That is the kind 

 of food in our bodies; the metal repairs and the fuel or coal are all done up 

 in the same little package together. So when we eat a piece of bread we 

 get everything we' need. We get the coal and the brass and the copper and 

 iron — it all goes in together. The proteid is the metal of the food; the lean 

 meat, the white of an egg is metal that goes to repair the machine itself; 

 while the starch and fat and sugar are substances which are simply burned 

 in the body, matter simply to keep up the energy, and for no other purpose; 

 that is what they are for. Fruit gives us fuel for heat, while lean meat gives 

 us metal. If people would substitute fruit for a large part of this lean meat, 

 it would be vastly to the advantage of the human race. 



Prof. Chittenden, acting with the United States Government, has been 

 making some experiments recently, especially in the last three years, and 

 has found out, what the Minnesota farmers found out more than ten years 

 ago, that we do not need so much metal food; that we do not need so much 

 proteid; that we do not need so much of the proteid element. Most of you 

 farmers are better posted on that subject than city people are. 



The Minnesota farmer found out pigs grew faster, fattened better, were 

 stronger, healthier pigs, if they did not have so much proteid in their food. 

 Now Prof. Chittenden has found out the same thing. Prof. Chittenden, 



