THIRTY-SEVENTH ANNUAL REPORT. 97 



case, we have built a house, put in an eight horse power boiler with a steam 

 pump, pumping a supply of water from a nearby pond, and put in two or 

 three galvanized iron tanks holding about ten or fifteen barrels each to 

 store water; and we don't need a very great storage capacity when we have 

 the engine and plenty of water to pump from. If we were not fortunate 

 enough to have this pond, we would have to construct an artificial pond, 

 unless we had a well with considerable capacity. We have for mixing our 

 Hme and sulphur three wooden tanks; they were tanks we formerly used 

 for spraying, and such as we now use also, half-round wooden tanks about 

 eight or nine feet long, holding 250 gallons each. In the bottom of those 

 tanks we run a long pipe with perforations, holes, along the pipe; this is 

 in the bottom of the tank. The steam issuing from that keeps the lime and 

 sulphur stirred up from the bottom. These are all elevated of course. We 

 have our material there; the lime and sulphur is mixed, and the stop cock 

 is turned and water runs in for lime and sulphur, which is mixed together, 

 and then the steam turned on, and issuing from these pipes on the bottom 

 of the tank, cooks it thoroughly with very little attention. 



We have been using the usual formula, 15 pounds of sulphur and about 

 the same of lime, but we use rather more of the lime. We have been using 

 hydrated lime. We are only ten miles from lime kilns and can get the lump 

 lime, and consider it a little better in some respects; but we find the other 

 is so much better to start, and in making the Bordeaux dissolves more easily 

 and quickly, that we prefer to use that and put in a little more; so we use 

 15 pounds of sulphur and 20 pounds of the lime, and mix it thoroughly, 

 mixing up the lime into a paste form and stirring up with the pasty mixture 

 lime until it is thoroughly mixed, adding just a little water by and by; and 

 after it is thoroughly mixed in the form of paste or dough, we turn on the 

 water and steam. 



We used the salt one or two years, but for several years past we have not 

 used it. 



The length of time of boiling will depend a little on how rapidly you boil 

 it. We are governed some by the appearance of the mixture ; but as a general 

 rule I might say that usually we boil it about an hour, although less will 

 usually do; but to be on the safe side, we usually boil it an hour, or judge 

 from the appearance of the material. 



We have been using the flowers of sulphur. You know there are two 

 grades, the flowers and the flour. I am not sure that there is much difference 

 as we have been led to suspect ; but we think usually that the flowers combine 

 a little more readily with the lime, and with little less waste than in the other 

 form. 



There is a great deal of complaint as to its being unpleasant and disagree- 

 able to apply; and this is true to a certain extent. It has something of a 

 ■caustic effect. We usually use goggles and the men sometimes use rubber 

 gloves, although they don't seem to care very much for them; they say 

 they make their hands sweat. We have found, however, by beginning 

 reasonably early so we can choose our time, and spraying with the wind — 

 for instance, if we have a west wind, spraying just the west side of the trees; 

 and then taking advantage of an east wind; if you have wind from two 

 •directions, it would be more pleasant, than to wait until a little too late 

 and then be obliged to work in all kinds of weather. When you try spray- 

 ing the lime and sulphur against the wind, be it ever so slight, you are up 

 against a hard proposition. If you can manage to get the wind from both 

 directions, you will find it much easier and pleasanter. I know some have 



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