THIRTY-SEVENTH ANNUAL REPORT. ■ 99 



and I have found we can spray safely even after the buds have swelled 

 considerably; and by that later spraying I find we have obviated the necessity 

 of spraying with the Bordeaux before the blossoming. This will not be safe 

 in all cases, but where the orchards have been as well cared for as mine, 

 I find by spraying with lime and sulphur just before the opening of the 

 blossoms I can safely dispense with the early spraying with the Bordeaux 

 mixture, following that one spraying as soon as the blossoms have most of 

 them fallen, and spraying once more in July and August. I fear some do 

 not emphasize this latter spraying as much as they should. It is an important 

 spraying. I would not by any means omit this August or last of July spraying. 



DISCUSSION. 



Mr. Crane: You don't mean to inform us it is possible to spray the apple 

 or any other fruit just before they are blooming, with lime and sulphur, 

 after the leaves start and up to the time the pink begins to show, and they 

 are about ready to blossom? 



Mr. Farnsworth: No. Just as the leaves are well started. But you 

 can spray after the buds have started much more than the former idea was. 

 We were told years ago, as soon as the buds commenced to swell we must 

 stop spraying. But you can spray much later than that, and the later 

 spraying has much better effect on the scale. But don't make the mistake 

 of waiting too long and then being delayed by bad weather and not getting 

 it done. 



Mr. Crane: In making the preparation, what do you find the best way 

 to mix it and boil it? 



A. We usually slack the lime; but if hydrated lime, make it into a paste, 

 and supply the dry sulphur and stir it up into a thick paste or dough; add 

 the water; and the steam pipe runs in from the bottom keeping it well stirred. 



Mr. Crane: We have all discarded that. That was recommended by 

 an experimental station, and one of the professors came in there and gave 

 them an object lesson. We abandoned that; it was too bothersome. It 

 had been demonstrated two years before that it was not necessary, and he 

 simply filled the tank half full of water, a 200-gallon tank, and brings it 

 about to the boiling point, and dumps his lime right in when it is at the 

 boiling point; and as the hme begins to slack rapidly, he has the sulphur 

 and dumps that in on top without stopping, and shuts the cover down and 

 lets it boil for half an hour; opens up the tank; there will be large lumps 

 floating ; he takes his hoe and knocks them to pieces ; in an hour they are all 

 boiled right into the lime and sulphur and it is a perfect union. 



Mr. Farnsworth: Where you get your material all ready it is a very 

 easy matter to turn in the water, where you have the building with the 

 materials all ready. We prepare three or four thousand gallons a day. 

 One man runs the engine, does all the pumping and mixing, and does not 

 have to work more than half the time. It is very easy where you have all 

 the material handy. We use the hydrated lime. 



Mr. Crane: We used it one year, and every one of us abandoned it; 

 it would not stick half as long on the tree in rainy weather. Our trees in 

 a few days showed half of it was gone off, the excess of lime anyway; so we 

 abandoned that. 



Mr. Farnsworth: I think it is perhaps necessary in using the hydrate to 

 be sure and have a fresh article. Our trees are still coated with the material 

 we put on last spring. We have no complaint about it not sticking. 



