100 STATE HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY. 



Q. I understood you to say you usually boil it about an hour, and tell 

 by the looks of it. Describe how it should look. 



Mr. Farnsworth: I could tell you better with a sample. It is a dark 

 yellowish color. It is one of those things it is pretty hard to describe in 

 words unless you are a better word painter than I am. 



Q. To what consistency or thickness do you boil it, and how much do 

 you dilute it? Do you boil it rather thick? 



Mr, Farnsworth: We usually put in about half; that is, if we are pre- 

 paring enough to fill 250 gallons, we usually fill the tank about half full 

 and then add cold water before applying. We don't like to use it 

 boiling in our hose. We usually boil about 100 to 125 gallons of mix- 

 ture, and then before we turn it into our spraying outfit we turn in enough 

 cold water to dilute it about half. It sprays better if it is warm; but we 

 don't want it boiling hot; it is too hard on the hose and unpleasant for the 

 men that handle the mixture. 



Q. If you are spraying and there comes up a rain, or you have some left 

 over at night, what do you do? 



Mr, Farnsworth: We warm it up a little. We found that all that was 

 necessary. If it does not crystalize— and it won't usually to any extent — 

 you can easily use it by warming it a little. 



Q. With the apple, what insecticide do you use along with the fungicide? 

 And what proportion? 



Mr. Farnsworth: For several years, arsenate of lead; but the objection 

 is, it is a little expensive. We overcome that in one way by buying our 

 supplies at wholesale. Last year we bought several thousand dollars worth 

 from the shipper directly, at cost, at 9 cents a pound wholesale, a first class 

 article. We economize a little in that by using half the usual formula. 

 The usual formula is 3 pounds to 50 gallons. We use 3 pounds to 100 gallons, 

 and then use full strength arsenite of soda. Arsenite of soda is a quickly 

 acting poison, but does not remain on the trees long; while the arsenate of 

 lead is said to be a little more slow, but sticks and stays right by. It is 

 well worth the extra cost; but we economize considerable by using only 

 half of it, and we get lasting effects ; and with the arsenite of soda we cheapen 

 it very much and get immediate effects. 



Q. Do you use arsenite of soda with the arsenate of lead? 



Mr. Farnsworth: Yes. We use both. We use the full formula that 

 is usually advised, a pint of mixture to 50 gallons, and add to that the arsenate 

 of lead. We have been decreasing the copper sulphate and increasing the 

 amount of insecticide poison. 



Q. Have you been able to overcome the russeting of apples by the use 

 of it? 



Mr. Farnsworth: Not entirely. That is one of the troubles looming up 

 before us more this year than ever. We think we can overcome that partly 

 at least by a little weaker solution of copper sulphate. I believe it is the 

 copper sulphate that does the mischief; and spraying in showerj^ wet weather 

 will make it much worse. Our practice is now to use not to exceed three 

 pounds of copper sulphate, and some only use two and one-half for the first 

 spraying; and the last of July or August spraying we use little or not any. 



Mr. Hutchins: What about the comparative value of arsenate of lime 

 and arsenite of soda? 



Mr. Farnsworth: I never have used the arsenate of lime. I have used 

 the arsenite of soda; I don't know that there is any difference; don't know 

 anything about the arsenate of lime. 



