EXPERIMENT STATION BULLETINS. G77 



GRAI'E SPRAYING. 



This work was done upon a plot of grapes containing about 30 varie- 

 ties. Whenever possible, it was attempted to have some vines of each 

 variety sprayed with each mixture as well as to leave checks. 



Mixtures used were as follows: 



Bordeaux, 2-2 50 



Bordeaux, 3-3-50 



Bordeaux, 4-4-50 



Pyrox, 10 pounds to 50 gallons 



Adheso, 7 pounds to 50 gallons 



Dry arsenate of lead was added to the Bordeaux mixture at the rate 

 of 11/4 pounds to 50 gallons for all applications. 



Three applications were made of all the mixtures, on June 5th and 6th, 

 22d and 23d and again on July 18th. 



The only troubles developing on the vines were Black Rot, Grape 

 Berry Moth and Mildew and these occurred only in moderate amounts. 

 Some foliage injury occurred on the Bordeaux sprayed vines though it 

 is possible that some was caused by the extreme heat and drought of 

 July and August. Examination of the vines showed that the degree of 

 injury occurred relative to the mixture applied in the order as follows : 

 Bordeaux 4-4-50, Bordeaux 3-3-50, Bordeaux 2-2-50 ; ; Adheso and Pyrox. 

 No spray injury on the fruit was noted. 



During the past season jjear psylla was very troublesome in this 

 region, many groAvers not being aware of the presence of this insect and 

 did not spray at the proper time. By mid-summer many orchards were 

 badly infested. Cooperating with County Agent T. A. Farrand, an at- 

 attempt was made to find a material to control the insect that could be 

 safely used in the summer. Three mixtures were used: kerosene emul- 

 sion, 40% ; Nicotine 1-800 and soap, and a mixture suggested by the 

 N. Y. Experiment Station at Geneva, consisting of 40 pounds stone 

 lime, 1 pint of nicotine and 1 gallon of lime-sulphur to 100 gallons. 

 These mixtures were applied August 2d and 3d upon trees quite badly 

 infested. A high pressure was maintained and two men with rods 

 sprayed opposite sides of limbs at the same time. There was very little 

 difference in the effectiveness of the three mixtures and control was 

 far from complete, it being practically impossible to hit the majority of 

 the insects. Later examinations seemed to show that the heavy wash 

 containing the lime acted as a deterrent as fewer insects were found 

 upon these trees than upon the other sprayed trees or the checks. No 

 bad effect was noted upon either foliage or fruit of trees sprayed with 

 the heavy mixture and by picking time no appreciable deposit remained 

 upon the fruit. 



This mixture may have some value as a summer spray but control 

 should be by the late fall or early spring applications as in summer they 

 are too active and protected too much by the foliage. 



Plant breeding activities have been confined to tree fruits and grapes 

 as before outlined. 



A considerable number of varieties have been planted this year for 

 use in breeding work. There are 76 varieties of tree fruits and grapes, 

 43 of brambles and 15 of foreign temperate zone fruits. 



