508 



STATE BOARD OF AGRICULTURE. 



the cylinders easily, it is best to bore into soil either with an ordinary 

 soil auger or with an ordiuaiy 8-inch bit, (with the former several holes 

 will be necessary), then with a bar the soil may be pried from the sides 

 and taken out quite readily and in soils, like clay, sections of soil may 

 be pulled out with the soil auger which acts like a cork screw. To re- 

 move the soil in the bottom of the cylinder unscrew the cylinder from its 

 pedestal and invert it, then, through the opening in the bottom, one can 

 force the soil out by driving on the perforated plate with a piece of pipe 

 and hammer. The soil in the bottom will be found to be packed harder 

 and drier than that at the top. 



PLATE 3. METHOD OF SCREWING ON THE TOP. THE BAR ON THE LEFT IS USED 

 TO PREVENT THE CYLINDER FROM TURNING WHILE THE BOLTS ARE BEING 

 TIGHTENED. THE TOP NEEDS TO BE FASTENED TIGHTLY TO PREVENT THE 

 OIL FROM OOZING OUT ON ACCOUNT OF THE HIGH PRESSURE USED. 



Displacing Liquid. 



The selection of the displacing liquid is very important. Istcherekov^ 

 claims that the displacing liquid should wet the soil. A substance that 

 will not wet the soil will not penetrate the latter when the soil is packed 

 but may pass through the larger pore spaces only. On the contrary a 

 substance that wets the soil, as well as the water does, will drive the 

 moisture downward, provided that the displacing liquid is lighter than 



ilstcherekov, W. The obtaining of Soil Solution in Unaltered Condition. Rus. Jour, of 

 Expt. Landw. S, 1907, p. 150. 



