FARMERS' INSTITUTES. 81 



EVENING SESSION, 7:30. 



Chemistry in House Keeping — Frank Kedzie. 



Should the Elements of Physiology be Taught in the Common School?— O. A. 

 LaCrone. 

 Special Farming — Hon. Levi SparliS. 



The Relation of Education to Agricultural Pursuits— A. C. Palmer. 

 Music. 



MORNING SESSION. 



Music. 



The Agricultural College— Sec. R. G. Baird. 

 Direct and Indirect Taxation — C. F. Howe. 

 The Farmer in Society — Mrs. A. N. Woodruff. 

 Sheep Husbandry— Hon. Henry Chamberlain. 



AFTERNOON SESSION. 



Music. 



Thoroughbred Stock for Profit— A. N. Woodruff". 



Farm Economy — Prof S. Johnson. 



Horticultural Contrivances — W. A. Brown. 



A Paper by Mrs. E. Marsh. 



Music. 



Mr. A. Kiegley gave the opening address as follows : 



Ladies and Gentlemen: — In behalf of the people of Berrien Center and 

 vicinity, I bid you welcome. It affords us much pleasure to have an oppor- 

 tunity of entertaining so many on this occasion, and hope that we may be 

 able to make your visit here a pleasant as well as a profitable one. I will not 

 weary you by trying to explain the objects of these institutes, farther than 

 this: They are farmers' schools for the purpose of making him better 

 acquainted with the principles of agriculture and disseminating that practi- 

 cal knowledge necessary in order to obtain better results, and to make him 

 more successful in his noble calling. This is an age of progress, and if the 

 farmers would keep pace with those of other callings and professions, he must 

 be ever vigilant, ever watchful and eager to embrace any opportunity which 

 presents itself to gain instruction. The time has come when intelligence as 

 well as muscle is necessary to successfully operate a Michigan farm. When 

 we realize that the products of Michigan are brought into competition with 

 those of the cheap lands of the West, we cannot afford to make mistakes 

 or do our farm work in a hap-hazard manner and trust to Providence for 

 results. 



Then, again, there is much depending upon the agriculturist. As we 

 go to and fro over this great State of ours and behold the fine and fertile 

 farms, decorated with beautiful homes, and remember that fifty years ago 

 it was a howling wilderness, would it not be reasonable that after all these 

 years of toil and hardship in hewing out of those dense forests these beautiful 

 farms, would it not be reasonable, I ask, that he should sit down and enjoy 

 the fruit of his labors without any responsibilities resting upon him? It 

 would be reasonable, but he cannot, he dare not, for it is an established fact 

 that upon the products of the soil depend the prosperity of our State and 

 Nation. Perhaps this fact has never been more strikingly illustrated than in 

 the present year. On account of the present partial failure of crops there is 

 a cry of distress coming up from every class. Then, as I said before, he can- 

 not, he dare not, rest from his labors, for there is the world of mankind 

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