LECTURES AND ESSAYS READ AT INSTITUTES. 185 



lish language," by means of rhetorical exercises, and the study of text books 

 on English composition, also logic and moral and mental philosophy, the 

 course at the Agricultural College is largely made up of scientific studies and 

 the application of scientific and mathematical knowledge, with special refer- 

 ence to agriculture, horticulture, surveying, and mechanical construction. 



In chemistry we have elementary, in which students are taught regarding the 

 nature and uses of the simple or inorganic substances, followed by lectures in 

 organic chemistry, the compounds of elementary substances that constitute 

 organisms. Then the student goes into the laboratory, where he analyses a 

 great variety of substances, "under the direction and supervision of the Prof, 

 of chemistry and his assistant, applying with their own hands the reagents 

 required to determine the composition and properties of bodies, thus securing 

 a practical knowledge of the methods employed in such investigations." 

 The Professor of chemistry also gives instruction in agricultural chemistry, 

 meteorology, and chemical pliysics. 



In botany the student is introduced to the study by using his powers of 

 observation on plants, noting the forms of leaves and characteristics of stems 

 and roots, arrangement of parts, peculiarities of flowers, seeds, and fruits. 

 From their class books they study systems of classification, geographical dis- 

 tribution, the agency of insects in the fertilization of plants, etc. 



In physiological botany the students have practice in the use of the com- 

 pound microscope, and receive lectures on the structure and use of the micro- 

 scope and the anatomy and physiology of plants. 



In the course in anatomy and physiology, the teaching is illustrated by 

 models, anatomical preparations, and diagrams, and special attention is given 

 to the physiology of domestic animals, and each student is required to spend 

 some time in the dissecting room. 



In entomology the student is taught regarding the various transformations 

 in the development of insect life. Special attention is given to species injurious 

 to vegetation ; their habits, and the methods of checking their ravages. 

 Instruction is also given in the science and practice of bee keeping. 



In geology a course of lectures is given, illustrated with maps and drawings. 

 Special attention is given to the geology of our own State. 



Two terms of instruction are given in practical agriculture ; relating to farm 

 drainage, breeds of cattle — their characteristics and uses, principles of stock 

 breeding, rotation of crops, and many other topics are discussed. 



The instruction in horticulture bears much the same relation to the garden 

 and orchard that the above does to the farm. 



To the instructions previously given at the Agricultural College, there has 

 recently been added instruction in veterinary. The catalogue for 1883 says: 



Veterinary Science. — Anatomy. — This course will consist of lectures describing 

 the various organs entering into the formation of the animal economy of the horse, 

 ox, sheep, and swine, illustrated with skeletons, diagrams, and dissections. 



Zoo-pathology, — Lectures upon the principal diseases of the domestic animals, 

 describing the nature, causes, symptoms, treatment, and prevention of them, illus- 

 trated with pathological specimens and individual cases when possible. 



Operative Surgery. — Practical illustrations by performance of various operations. 



Obstetrics. — Care and management of pregnant animals, attention to the oflFspring, 

 what to be done and what not to be clone in diflferent cases of parturition, etc., etc. 



Materia Medica. — Lectures upon the actions, uses and abuses, and doses, of upwards 

 of a hundred of the chief medicines used in veterinary practice. 



It has long been felt that prominence should be given to veterinary instruc- 

 tion at the College. The almost untold wealth now invested in domestic ani- 

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