LECTURES AND ESSAYS READ AT INSTITUTES. 261 



and nature, and farmers generally, must make their wants known, and insist 

 upon having them recognized. 



Mr. Chairman, ladies and gentleman, much more could be said to prove the 

 necessity for the establishment of experimental stations, but as I remarked in 

 the beginning it is not expected that this essay will embrace all that ought to 

 be said on this subject, but only introduce it, and such, Mr. Chairman, in my 

 feeble way, I have attempted to do. Besides, I am admonished that I am 

 occupying more than my proportion of time in the discussion of this subject. 

 I have no desire to weary you or tax your patience. I thank you for your kind 

 attention. 



DISCUSSION. 



Hon. Henry Chamberlain said that few comprehended the difficulty of 

 making an accurate experiment. He referred to those of Laws and Gilbert as 

 having extended over a period of thirty years, conducted by scientic men who 

 had both leisure and wealth, yet but few things had been determined. "We 

 want, as farmers especially, to know how to make the best of our farms and 

 leave them unexhausted to those who come after us. He said the State Board 

 of Agriculture had some experiments under consideration. In order to make 

 them, money would be necessary; must come from the people and appro- 

 priated by the Legislature. 



LOSSES AND IMPERFECTIONS ON THE FAKM. 



BY E. B. HAYES. 

 [Read at Caro Institute.] 



In looking at this evening's programme you will perhaps think that the 

 farm questions have been pretty thoroughly discussed, that there is little left 

 for me to say ; and that is about the way I feel over it. 



Mr. Rogers has thoroughly drained it; Orr has drawn sketches and held 

 them up to your view, showing how it is on the farm, and how it should be ; 

 Selden has given you legislation for the farm ; Weaver has stocked it with 

 sheep, and Goodrich stands ready to extract the sugar. 



The committee on arrangements seem to have thought it would not be pru- 

 dent to pull down the bars and turn thoroughbred cattle in with sheep; and 

 this is undoubtedly the reason that Elder Baker comes in where he does with 

 liis system on the farm, is to prevent Weaver's sheep from butting thorough- 

 bred cattle and thoroughbred cattle from goring the sheep. 



As my subject indicates I will endeavor to point out to you a few losses and 

 imperfections on the farm. That there are a few old ruts that we farmers are 

 running in and making little or no effort to get out, you will not deny. That 

 we cling to old modes of doing our work with more tenacity than men of 

 other professions is equally true. 



The doctor of fifty years ago could not practice in Caro now. The lawyer 

 of forty years ago would make a poor showing in this room to-night if court 

 Avas in session. The preacher of thirty years ago could not palm off on you 

 one of his old sermons — vou demand something new. The school teacher of 

 twenty years ago could not enter your school rooms under that name now. 



