204 State Horticultural Society. 



gallons as soon as it is boiled enougli, otherwise when it cools some of 

 the chemicals will crystallize out. Place this concentrated solution in 

 a jug and label "Poison," etc. When you desire to use it, remember 

 that two quarts of this liquid is equal to one pound of Paris green, 

 therefore, take two quarts of the arsenate of soda and add it to the 

 proper amount of water, which will vary according to the insect and 

 plant, and add to all eight pounds of freshly slacked lime, and thoroughly 

 mix. 



The life, histories and habits of the different species of insects 

 infesting your apple trees are interesting, and, in many cases, you should 

 know them in order to intelligently apply the remedies; as I have 

 given them before to this society, and as the time is limited, I shall 

 simply name the different species and give you the remedy. 



The wooly aphis on the roots can be killed and kept away by the 

 liberal application each spring of tobacco dust about the base of the 

 tree and roots, by first removing the earth for three inches in depth, 

 filling in the tobacco and covering it over with the earth again. 



The aphis or plant louse on the leaves may be readily killed by 

 two applications of kerosene emulsion ; or, if you have the raw kerosene 

 and water mixing spray pump, which can now be purchased, you can 

 use this less troublesome method with success. Begin spraying as soon 

 as the lice appear and before they curl up the leaves. 



The oyster-shell bark louse and the scurfy bark louse can 

 both be killed by two or three thorough sprayings with kerosene emul- 

 sion, or the kerosene and water method, as given for plant lice. 



The flat and the round-headed apple tree borers can be kept 

 out of an orchard only by the use of all three of the following methods : 

 Keep the wooden wrappers on the young trees, they tend to lessen 

 borer attacks; every year go through the orchard the last of August or 

 fore part of September and by means of a sharji knife dig out all borers; 

 every spring apply a wash of some kind to the trunks and large limbs, 

 removing the wooden wrappers long enough to put this wash on. 

 There are a great many good washes, but for the benefit of those who 

 may desire to know one, I give the following, which I have found to be 

 as good as any wash made and it is very cheap: Dissolve as much 



