Winter Meeting. 317 



for the protection of the birds while so many are killed to be worn on 

 the ladies' hats. 



Rev. Gilliam made the motion on the part of the citizens of 

 Princeton, that they are in fnll accord with the resolution adopted. 

 The motion was heartily approved. 



ORCHARD MA^TAGEMENT. By W. T. Flonrnoy, Marionville, 



Missouri. 



Mr. Goodman: 



Sometime about the last of October, I received a letter from you, 

 asking me to write an article for the Princeton meeting, on ''Winter 

 Killing of Orchards, Their Care, etc., etc." A week later I received 

 another letter, adding ''Orchard Management;" "Benefits of Spray- 

 ing, etc." I can only relate some of the things that I have observed 

 during my short experience as an orchardist. I do not think there is 

 a rule that will work in all places alike, further than to keep trees 

 healthy at all times, and by all means, do not neglect to give them the 

 best possible advantage after a severe damage has taken place, like 

 the freeze of last February. In order to counteract the damage done 

 in last winter's freeze. First. We commenced to spray in the usual 

 way, except the use of sulphur in the mixture. 



Second. Between the first and second spraying, we whitewashed 

 the trees, with a preparation of lime, sulphur and salt, to keep borers 

 and other insects from attacking the trees during spring and summer, 

 while they were weak from the hard freeze. I used sulphur, because, 

 in my experience I had found it good, which is contrary to the ex- 

 perience of some of our state experimenters. Whether I am right or 

 not can be determined by the examination of other orchards in this 

 vicinitv, not so treated. 



Third. I cultivated until midsummer, about August 1st. Part 

 of the time I have not done all Avork as thoroughly as I believed it 

 needed, and afterwards I felt like I had made a bad mistake by not so 

 doing. 



We have always pruned a great deal, but not just for the sake of 

 putting the trees. We thought we were doing it in a good cause, 

 therefore, when the trees were weakened by the freeze, we did not add 



