Winter Meeting. 319 



phur, that I commenced the use of it on my orchards the second fall 

 after I planted my first orchard, by mixing it with beef's blood procured 

 at slaughter houses. The blood was rubbed on the trees in September 

 and January, to keep rabbits from gnawing them. The sulphur was 

 put in then, because it was a convenient time, and the blood made it 

 adhere to the trees. I was not troubled, at all, by borers while that 

 treatment was followed, which was about five years, as I remember. 

 By that time the trees had grown too large to be injured by rabbits. 



During the next three or four years, between the time I quit the 

 use of blood and sulphur and the time I commenced to spray, I was 

 troubled very much by borers in some localities in the orchards. After 

 spraying was commenced, I had but little more trouble with borers, so 

 little that I rarely looked for them and when I did, I seldom found 

 any. 



Later I have been led to believe that borers mil rarely attack a 

 tree if it is kept in a healthy growing condition. The coat of white 

 lime on the tree, I believe, in a great measure, keeps insects away. 



My neighbors whom I have persuaded to try the blood and sul- 

 phur report no damage from borers or rabbits after using it. 



In experimenting with the mixing of lime and sulphur we found 

 that we got a little better combination of the two, by putting a barrel 

 of lime in the slaking box, adding enough water to slake, and just as 

 the bubbling ceased and the heat was greatest, we added a half bushel 

 of the flour of sulphur after rubbing it through a seive. It is easier to 

 mix while the solution is yet thick. After mixing thoroughly, we put 

 in water enough to make, in all, one hundred and sixty gallons, then 

 put it into the spray tank, and applied to the trees with the pump, 

 the gage showing a pressure of forty to sixty pounds. We use the 

 •'Boss Xozzle," and for this purpose, use the round orifice. Some- 

 times I added twenty-five or thirty pounds of salt to this mixture, and 

 again I did not, for I felt like it was useless. 



This is the only year in which I have used the sulphur and lime 

 combination, in place of lime alone, in making Bordeaux mixture and 

 used it for the first spraying only, which was just before the blossoms 

 opened. We find that spraying with Bordeaux, with sulphur added, is 

 verv hard on some of the men who use it, while it does not hurt others 



