GENERAL HISTORY. 39 



merits of the Shiawassee Beauty, which the ])resident in his introduction 

 stated is not a beautiful maiden with whom the professor was enamored, but 

 a beautiful apple, native of the professor's own rich county. 



Professor Beal followed with an interesting paper respecting the objects 

 and advantages of an arboretum. 



B. Hathaway, of Cass county, then proceeded to give an extended and 

 interesting history of the codling moth, and in the course of his remarks 

 expressed the opinion that the annual loss to the people of this State from its 

 ravages was sufficient, if saved, to pay the entire town, county and State 

 taxes of the commonwealth. 



Along with the usual complimentary res dutions for favors, accommoda- 

 tions, etc., the society approved the proposition to consolidate the State 

 Agricultural and the Northern Michigan Agricultural and Mechanical 

 Societies, the policy of holding union fairs, and the fostering of tree cul- 

 ture or forestry by this society. 



The committee on apples reported five hundred and forty plates of exceed- 

 ingly fine apples by thirty-seven exhibitors. 



The committee on seedlings reported several varieties exhibited but lack- 

 ing evidence that they are actual seedlings. A seedling shown by George 

 Parmelee, from an old Indian orchard, affords a good illustration of the 

 health and vigor of the tree at an advanced age. 



The committee on dried fruit found a collection of dried fruit, by the 

 Aide a process, and some also by the Williams machine, and without expressing 

 a preference for either they remark that they "differ in appearance from the 

 ordinary house-dried fruit as faded brown differs from a lightly tinged 

 white." 



The committee on wines and ciders found specimens from a large number 

 of persons, and say, in their report: "The specimens presented showed a 

 great diversity of method in manufacture, as well as taste of the manufac- 

 turers, each thinking his own superior. An improvement can be made by 

 each. Your committee would make honorable mention of the specimens that 

 came under their observation." 



The committee on grapes, pears, etc., found a fine exhibit of these fruits 

 for so late in the season, there being six exhibits, some with, some without, 

 name. There were also three exhibits of grapes, in fine condition. A plate 

 of figs was also exhibited by H. E Bidwell, of South Haven. 



Peach tree buds had been brought for examination from numerous orchards, 

 which were referred to a committee for examination, who made a record of 

 the number of sound and injured buds of each variety in each case. A note- 

 worthy fact was developed in the case of those from the orchard of President 

 Dyckman, of South Haven, all of which were found to be dead and the wood 

 very much dried. Many of them were stated to have been alive when cut 

 from the trees; but the branches had been cut during yery cold weather and 

 brought directly into a very warm room; and had been killed, both branches 

 and buds, by sudden thawing. 



Subsequently Professor Cook exhibited and explained charts showing the 

 divisions of natural history, followed by a brief lecture on the codling moth, 

 accompanying it with the exhibit of a codling moth trap consisting of a band 

 of woolen cloth tied around the trunk of the tree by a string around its 

 middle. He also exhibited a trap for catching cut worms, which consisted of 

 a strip of tin to be fastened around the tree by means of a tack. 



