GENERAL HISTORY. 99 



The subsequent discussion brought out opposition to the use of shelter 

 belts along the shore of Lake Michigan ; also a preference in some quarters 

 for the shearing of evergreens. 



A communication was received from Jacob Ganzhorn, secretary of the Ann 

 Arbor Pomological Society giving the history of the White Ann Arbor grape, 

 of which some account will be given in connection with Washtenaw county. 



In connection with the foregoing, a letter was read from Charles A. Green, 

 of Rochester, N. Y., stating certain theories respecting the process of origi- 

 nating new varieties from the seed. He states that, " The Wager peach re- 

 produces itself from its seed, if on its own roots, but when budded on other 

 roots it will not." This statement may be referred to high authority, but, in 

 despite of this, there are not only reasons, but abundant experience to war- 

 rant doubts of its correctness. 



Professor W. J. Beal followed with an extended botanical explanation of 

 the process of reproduction from seed both naturally, by crossing and by 

 hybridization as well as from sports, following which he was made the target 

 for a volley of questions. 



"How to Grow Apples for Profit" was the subject of an address by J. 

 Webster Child s, of Ypsilanti, in which he detailed his views of the best 

 practice from the inception of the orchard to the gathering, packing and 

 marketing of the fruit. 



Professor A. J. Cook followed with some of the most approved methods of 

 insect warfare, illustrating his remarks with blackboard drawings. The use 

 of bands as traps for the codling moth, spraying the trees with Paris green 

 and various other methods were discussed. 



F. M. HoUoway opened the subject of ''Fertilizers for the Orchard and 

 Farm," which he treated fully, preferring seeding down and mulching for the 

 apple and pear, and cultivation for the peach. 



On Thursday afternoon J. S. Woodward, of Lockport, N. Y., read a paper 

 in response to the question, ''How Can a Supply of Grapes for a Farmer's 

 Home be Cheaply and Successfully Grown," treating upon varieties, soil, 

 aspect, culture, training, diseases and insects. 



A letter followed from E. Bradfield, of Ada, who, after describing "the 

 better way," closed by saying, "It is about as easy for a farmer to grow a 

 supply of grapes as a supply of corn, and far easier than a supply of plums. 

 Let any farmer plant twenty-five or fifty, two or three years old, hardy grape 

 vines, give them the same attention the first two years that he does a row of 

 corn after planting it, and he will have grapes in spite of any neglect after- 

 ward. He may train on a trellis, let them run over a rail fence, or plant four 

 feet apart each way and tie two or three canes up to stakes four or five feet 

 high. In either case he will have grapes. But if he has to mow down the 

 weeds the first and second fall after planting to find the vines he 'speaks the 

 truth and lies not,' when he says he can't grow grapes." 

 ^H. B. Tucker, of Hillsdale, gave an essay stating his methods and recom- 

 mending to plant Concord and Delaware. 



E. M. Potter, of Kalamazoo, followed with a short paper, recommending 

 Concord first, and adding Brighton, Delaware, lona, Agawam and Salem. 



In reply to a question Mr. Woodward said, "You may as reasonably expect 

 a calf to live, thrive and mature, if you cut out his stomach, as to expect 

 grapes to grow and ripen after removing the leaves." 



"Storing Winter Apples" was the subject of an essay by S. W. Dorr, of 



