GENERAL HISTORY. 173^ 



MULCHING. 



E. H. Scott considered good cultivation the best mulch. 

 The Wednesday afternoon session opened with an address by Professor L. 

 H. Bailey, Jr., on 



THE BOTANY OF TIIR GRAPE. 



He referred to the failure of the European Vinifera in our climate, and to 

 the valuable results which have followed the efforts to improve our natives. 



In response to the question: "■ What is the Distinction between a Species 

 and a Variety? he said: 



" The Linnaean idea of a species was 'a succession of individuals which re- 

 produced themselves from seed.' Cultivated varieties, whose origin is known, 

 and which so reproduce themselves, like our different kinds of corn, might be 

 called artificial species; but they have received the name of races. Dr. Asa 

 Gray says: 'species are judgments.' A clear cut group, having no interme- 

 diate forms connecting it with others, is called a species; otherwise one is said 

 to be a variety of the other, and both are included in the same species." 



PROTECTING ORIGINATORS OF NEW FRUITS 



was the subject of a paper by Jacob Moore, of Attica, New York. 



After the reading a committee was appointed to consider the subject and 

 report at a subsequent meeting; but no subsequent action on the subject 

 seems to have been had. 



MARKET SORTS AND MARKETING 



was the subject of a short paper by C. D. Lawton, of Lawton, after which a 

 paper on 



THE IDEAL MARKET AND HOME GRAPE 



was read from J. S. Woodward, of Lockport, New York. 

 The next topic was 



VARIETIES THAT ARE FINE BUT HARD TO GROW, 



upon which a paper was contributed by George W. Campbell, of Ohio. 

 A paper on the Comparative Market Standing of 



RED, WHITE, AND BLACK GRAPES 



was next read from T. V. Munson, Deuison, Texas. 



The hour having now arrived which had been assigned in the programme 

 for 



A STUDY IN ENTOMOLOGY, 



the meeting was given in charge of Professor A. J. Cook, of the Agricultural 

 College, who had been invited to present through his students, at this meet- 

 ing, such subjects as he might consider appropriate to the occasion. 



