446 STATE HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY. 



the public in the arrangement of lawns, but certainly a lawn on top 

 and back of a retaining wall was about as unsatisfactory to the passers-by as 

 anything could be. All that could be seen was the edges of the flower beds 

 and the trunks of the trees. In yards where the street was not more than 

 three feet below the house foundation, he would grade the whole yard to a 

 level of the sidewalk excepting a narrow terrace in front of the house. The 

 carriage drive could be brought to a level with the back yard and stable by a 

 gradual rise at the side of the house. This would permit a carriage block"or 

 platform at a convenient point and add to the width of the front yard, as it 

 would do away with one slope or both, if the neighboring yard was graded 

 in the same way. 



E. A. Long, of Buffalo, believed in retaining walls at the street where 

 necessary, and also in gently curved walks. A curved walk, entering near 

 one corner, was really more direct than one from the centre of the yard front 

 to the front door. 



AN HOUR WITH INJURIOUS INSECTS. 



Prof. A. J. Cook, of the State Agricultural College, next addressed the 

 convention in a very interesting way for an hour, illustrating his address 

 with charts and apparatus for spraying trees. The following is a brief abstract: 



The loss through the destruction of the codling moth, Carpocapsa po7)io7iella 

 — Linn., in each of the northern States every 3^ear aggregates many thousand 

 dollars. It is no longer a theory but a fact that this loss may be easily and 

 cheaply prevented. The old remedies of bands and of hogs in the orchards 

 have proved inefficient. The new remedy, the arsenites, the speaker had now 

 tried for several years. It was not only cheap and effective but practical. 

 The cost of its application was not to exceed five cents per tree, and the time 

 when the work should be done was at a season when it could and would be 

 granted. 



London purple is the best for this warfare. It is cheaper than Paris green, 

 more miscible, and less likely to injure foliage. One pound to one hundred 

 gallons of water is full strong enough. If any change is to be made it should 

 be still weaker. Then the application may be so thorough that every apple 

 will be reached and yet no foliage injured. Again, the application should be 

 made early, very soon after the blossoms fall, by the time the apples are the 

 size of small peas. If delayed longer many of the larvae will have passed 

 into the fruit and be out of harm's way. Too long delay or lack of thor- 

 oughness in making the application is why some who have tried this method 

 have not succeeded to their entire satisfaction. 



The poison should be mixed in water in a close tank or barrel and often 

 thoroughly stirred. This is easily and quickly done by letting the hose from 

 the force pump which throws the liquid extend for a moment each quarter or 

 half hour into the barrel. 



The Field force-pump, made by the Field Force Pump Co., Lockport, New 

 York, and sold with gearing for 830.00 is a most excellent pump, and should 

 be owned by every large apple grower. Here the gearing attaches to the hind 

 wheel of the wagon, so that the hordes in drawing the wagon work the pump. 

 A second hose passes into the barrel or tank and so keeps the poison con- 

 stantly stirred. To use this I should select a still day, and i:)ass on both 

 sides of the trees, first going one way then the other. We thus make a very 

 thorough application. 



