156 DEPARTMENTAL REPORTS. 



of over 100 persons, 75 of whom have had a scientific training. It is 

 believed that the results of the work in showing the conditions and 

 resources of the soils of the country and in giving the people precise 

 and accurate knowledge as to the possibilities of the soils justify 

 fully ever}' expenditure that has been made and every recommeiula- 

 tion that will be made for the further extension of the work. With 

 the fierce competition for commercial supremac}" now going on, every 

 particle of information bearing upon the natural resources of the 

 countrj^ which Avill in any way tend to increase the production of our 

 present crops or to develop new methods or build up new industries 

 is of the utmost value, especially if, as in this case, the i^eople are 

 inspired with sufficient confidence to heed the advice of the Depart- 

 ment and to take advantage of its work. 



Cooperation with State Institutions. 



During the year this Bureau has cooperated, as far as possible, with 

 State institutions, including experiment stations, boards of agricul- 

 ture, and geological survej^s; also with Bureaus and Divisions of this 

 Department, as well as with other Departments of the Government. 

 Such cooperation has been particularly close with the North Carolina 

 department of agriculture and with the Illinois experiment station, 

 both of which institutions have contributed money toward the expenses 

 of the soil survey in their respective States. In other States the 

 cooperation has been just as cordial, but the institutions have not 

 been able to render linancial assistance. Their advice has been 

 sought and given wherever possible in arranging for and in the carrj-- 

 ing on of the work, and the work has been done, as far as i^ossible, 

 with the ultimate object of being of service to the State institutions in 

 the prosecution of further and more detailed work. The Utah experi- 

 ment station has cooperated in the line of drainage investigations and 

 has contributed valuable assistance and advice in the work that has 

 been started at Salt Lake City. The Connecticut experiment station 

 and the Pennsylvania experiment station have continued their cooper- 

 ation in the tobacco investigations with credit and profit to all of the 

 institutions concerned. 



The Bureau of Soils, through its laboratories, its soil survey, and its 

 other lines of investigation, has cooperated with and has helped other 

 Bureaus and Divisions in the Department, and has cooperated with 

 the War Department in furnishing an assistant to organize a soil 

 survey in the Philippine Islands, and in furnishing assistants to inspect 

 the soils of some of the military j)osts and to advise as to the treat- 

 ment in the establishment of parade grounds, a matter a\ hich is of 

 considerable importance, involving the expenditure of large sums of 

 money where the natural soils are not suited to the formation of a 

 permanent sod. 



Progress and Cost op the Soil Survey. 



The area surveyed and mapped during the fiscal j'ear was 14,541 

 square miles, or 9,306,240 acres, and the area previously reported as 

 having been surveyed was 8,082 square miles, making a total of 22,623 

 square miles, or 14,478,720 acres. This work was carried on during 

 the year in twenty-five States and Territories and in Porto Rico. 



The table on the next page shows the total area surveyed during the 

 fiscal year 1902, together with that previously reported, iu each of the 



