How Tb Educate the Lmdkkr. 439 



must be a harmony of tones, the sounds must be appropri- 

 ate and produced in the right time and phice. 



So with the hd^orer ; it is not tlie boisterous, hasty and 

 noisv man who is the most efficient laborer, but it is the 

 man whose thoughts directs liis actions so that they are 

 applied at the right time and place. • 



It must be evident to the most casual observer that the 

 men of thought are emploj^ed not only to plan but even to 

 superintend the erection of the most important works of the 

 nation. 



To be able to think and to control his nuiscidar energy 

 to the best advantage, the la])orer nmst be educated. 



It will be necessar}', at the beginning of this discussion, 

 to notice the difference between learning the boy a trade and 

 educating him, or the difference lietween a trade and an 

 education. 



The anciejits divided the arts into two classes : The 

 liberal arts, such as related to music, rhetoric, astronomy, 

 arithmetic, geometry, logic and grammar ; and the servile 

 arts, such as were practiced by the slaves. The moderns 

 divide the arts into the fine arts, such as poetry, music, sculp- 

 tvn-e, etc., and the mechanical or the useful arts, in which the 

 hands are more concerned than the mind. Among those 

 who are engaged in the useful arts, a large number 

 of persons may be found who are entirely ignorant of let- 

 ters, still they are good mechanics. The slaves of the 

 South were very good artisans, but we find among them 

 very few, if any, artists. 



The reason of this is obvious ; the artisan requires but 

 little more than the free use of his hands; whereas, to be 



