Isaac Tyson, Jk., ix Veumont. 659 



ing purposes, being all done single handed, without any act 

 of incorporation or partnership assistance. 



The next year a timbered adit was driven 1,400 feet, to 

 •drain the hematite ore bed. When something more than 

 one-half the distance was completed, a bed of kaolin or 

 pipe-clay was discovered, the more westerly part of which 

 was inter- stratified with quartz sand which was afterwards 

 extensively used for moulding heavy castings. 



The product of the furnace was trom 600 to 1,000 tons 

 of iron annually, the most of which was made into small 

 castings consisting of stoves, hollow ware, mill gear, plows 

 and water pipe. After about seven years, the re-casting 

 part of the works was given up and the iron was sold in the 

 pig. The furnace run with varied success until 1853, when 

 the failing health of Mr. Tyson precluded him from active 

 business, and the works stopped until after his death, and 

 until sold by his executors. 



It was Mr. Tyson's opinion that the hematite ores of the 

 tertiary formation were the most reliable to mine in Yer- 

 mont, and the most valuable in tlieir product ; that the ores 

 of iron that were formed in the oldest rocks in the gneiss 

 and talcose slate were in irregular veins or pockets of small 

 dimensions ; that if they were inter-stratified the strat- 

 ification was irregular and much misplaced and torn asunder 

 by upheavals, and that surface indications could not be made 

 a criterion by which to judge of the extent or quality of an 

 ore. Also that the carbonates of iron found in this forma- 

 tion would contain impurities that would preclude their 

 being smelted successfully. These opinions have been 

 proved correct by costly experiments since his death. 



