REPORT OF :NrATIONAL, MUSEUM, 1921. 109 



ing, and winding, and the installation of the historical series of sew- 

 ing machines and textile machinery models which were transferred 

 from the division of mechanical technology. The series illustrating 

 the composition of the human body was brought down from the east 

 gallery, where it had been shown for many years in the division of 

 medicine, and reinstalled with the food exhibits. The latter were 

 regrouped and their appearance very much improved. The new 

 material, showing canning and preservation of foods by boys and 

 girls, was arranged by States and installed in the large wall case 

 in the east south range, where it has attracted a great deal of at- 

 tention. 



Practically one-half of the cases of the exhibition series in the 

 division of medicine contain new exhibits which were installed dur- 

 ing the year. In all, 15 new exhibits were installed, and two cases 

 completely rearranged with the addition of new material. The new 

 exhibits have been arranged to show medicines obtained from the 

 animal kingdom ; the use of sphagnum m.oss as a substitute for absorb- 

 ent cotton ; candy medication for children ; steps in the manufacture 

 of glass ampoules; the various forms into which medicines are pre- 

 pared for administration ; the manner of obtaining and administering 

 serums for the prevention and treatment of diphtheria, lockjaw, 

 pneumonia, and meningitis ; the importance of the cinchona tree and 

 the poppy plant from a medicinal standpoint; how medicines are 

 divided into classes based on their physiological action; the impor- 

 tance of gelatin to disguise the taste and odor of unpalatable mxedi- 

 cines ; the progress of the development of pharmaceutical equipment ; 

 how specimens are examined by means of the microscope, etc. An 

 exhibit case devoted to Dr. Crawford W. Long, of Athens, Ga., the 

 first surgeon to intentionally produce anesthesia by inhalation of 

 sulphuric ether for a surgical operation, containing a number of his 

 personal relics and documentary evidence to substantiate his claim, 

 was prepared with material presented or loaned to the Musemn by 

 his daughter, Mrs. Frances Long Taylor. The Morton case con- 

 taining the original apparatus used by Dr. William T. G. Morton 

 when he demonstrated the use of sulphuric ether as an anesthetic, 

 and personal relics of this famous person, and the marble bust of 

 Maj. Walter Eeed, were obtained by transfer from the division of 

 history. The bust of Maj. Walter Reed was installed where it prop- 

 erly belongs, in the alcove which relates to the history of medicine 

 in America. It is here exhibited with pictures of Drs. James Car- 

 roll, Jesse W. Lazear, and Aristides Agramonte, other members of 

 the commission which proved that yellow fever is transmitted by 

 mosquitoes. An important addition to the historical collections is a 

 series of eight bromide enlargements of men famous in medicine, 

 which includes pictures of the following : Aesculapius, the " God of 



