50 STATE HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY. 



nnd Fleniisli Beauty peai^s and otlier varieties whicli. are particularly 

 sns('ei)tible to scab. So often we have weather condition during the 

 blossoming period such as rain, fog, dews, etc., that start the scab on 

 the blossom stems and leaves before the next spray ''after the blossoms 

 fall" can be apidied. The trees may blossom abundantly and crop pros- 

 pects be most promising but we go out into the orchard in a few days 

 and we find the little aj)p]es are all dropping. We notice every stem has 

 a li.ttle gray scab spot on it. That is the cause. A spray "when the buds 

 were in the pink" would have pievented that. Many crojis are destroyed 

 in that way. Then there are four very destructive chewing insects that 

 begin to come early before the spray "after the blossoms fall" can be 

 applied. They are the tent cateii)illar, canker worm, the bud moth 

 and the plum curculio. If you do not have these insects, it is not neces- 

 sary to apply a poison "befoi-e the blossoms open." But if they are 

 troublesome, this is the time to get a start of them. When they are 

 small, before they do any damag-e or before they lay eggs and provide 

 I'oi' future generations as the case may he. 



The *'api)le-sting" — the injury of the curculio — seems to be on the 

 increase in Michigan. Sometimes it occurs where the apple is small and 

 the growth of the apples is stunted — they are lop-sided, knurly or 

 they may simply be affected with feeding punctures, little shallow holes. 

 The spray "before the blossoms open,'' I believe, contributes most to 

 their control. About that time, shortly l)efore they begin to deposit 

 eggs, the adult females feed quite liberally and a little poison on the 

 leaves will get a great many of them. If we wait until "after the blos- 

 soms fall," a considerable amount of the damage may have been done 

 and besides, the l)eetles Avill not be feeding so freely. 



Those of you here who live in the northwest part of the State who 

 had so much trouble with tent caterpillars last spring, found it was 

 dillicult to kill them with the usual amounts^of ]>oison ; in fact with any 

 poison, because before you noticed them, they were half grown and 

 liad done most of their destruction. If the trees had been sprayed with 

 ordinary strength arsenate of lead "when the buds were in the pink" 

 most of their work nnght have been prevented. 



A Member. — What strength would vou make that? 



Mr. White.— I would use three or four jvounds of Arsenate of Lead 

 Paste. 



Mr. Roach. — I used two pounds and it killed every one of them. When 

 we sprayed we found just an occasional one hatching out. With that 

 strength of spray applied then, our trees were free the entire summer. 



Mr. White. — ilt has been said that we may expect an extraordinary large 

 number of these tent cateii)illars next s])ring and so I want to remind 

 you again not to forget to put in some poison with the Bordeaux or 

 Lime-Sulphur whichever you use for scab next spring "when the buds are 

 in the pink." 



A Member. — What strength of Lime-Sulphur? 



Mr. White — A standard brand of conmiercial Lime-Sulphur may be 

 used, one gallon to forty gallons of water. You could put it on stronger, 

 for example, one and one-half to 50, but I do not think it is necessary. 

 In case arsenate of lead won't stop them, add a little Paris green to the 

 Bordeaux mixture but not Lime-Sulphur. 



