138 STATE HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY. 



In the case of the apple maggot, the molasses or glucose should be 

 added to the arsenate of lead somewhere between the first and fifteenth 

 of July, depending upon the season and the part of the state where the 

 orchard is located, if in the southern part, the earlier date is suggested. 



In the case of the Cherry Fruit Fly, the sweetened poison should be 

 applied to scattering trees about the orchard from the 15th of June to the 

 1st of July, depending upon the variety, season, etc. 



TOBACCO EXTRACTS. 



Several different forms are on the market at present but especially for 

 fruit growers. "Black Leaf 40" is preferable because it is less volatile 

 and more efficient. 



Commercial tobacco extract is very expensive and it is altogether pos- 

 sible many of you have considered making the extract at home. The 

 Virginia Experiment Station has conducted an exhaustive study of this 

 and I deduct from their bulletin the following — "Tobacco stems, sweep- 

 ings and damaged tobacco vai'y greatly in the strength of nicotine they 

 contain and all these materials gradually diminish in strength and hence 

 the chief difficulty is the impossibility of standardizing the extract. 

 There is no simple test for analysis which can be applied but for "all 

 practical purposes" if good fresh refuse tobacco material can be secured 

 for 120.00 per ton or less, tobacco decoctions can be made on the farm 

 that are near enough to the desired strength since an excess of nicotine 

 in the spraying does not injure the plants. Incidentally the stems are 

 worth aljout $10.00 per ton for fertilizer after the nicotine is extracted. 



Very few Michigan fruit growers will be able to secure good fresh re- 

 fuse tobacco so most of them should depend upon the "Black Leaf 40" or 

 some other dependable commercial prepared extract. 



SOLUBLE SULPHUR COMPOUND. 



Some report was made upon this material at the annual meeting one 

 year ago and our experience and observation with this material during 

 the past season is practically the same as described then. It has proven 

 efficient as a dormant spray for San Jose scale but as a summer spray it 

 has given very conflicting results. In some orchards it has been used 

 with satisfaction as far as efficiency is concerned, in others very un- 

 satisfactory at the strength recommended; in some instances it has 

 caused considerable foliage injury while in others very little, if any. An 

 acquaintance of mine used it in the Bitter Root Valley of Montana with 

 certain success while in some other states, it has been used with vary- 

 ing success. Our advice must be simply this : The Soluble Sul])hur com- 

 pound undoubtedly has considerable merit in it but further trial must 

 be given before it can be suggested for practical use. In these trials, 

 we must determine, first, if it is efficient; second, if it injures to any 

 serious degree, the foliage or fruit and what it costs compared to other 

 sprays of known efficiency and safety. 



The college chemist tells us that theoretically it would not be advisable 

 to mix arsenate of lead, especially the acid arsenate of lead, with it be- 

 cause of the liability of chemical reactions which would put some of the 

 arsenic into a water soluble form which would be expected to injure 

 foliage and perhaps fruit. 



