230 STATE HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY. 



Bordeax Mixture (diluted) : 



Copper sulphate 4 lbs. 



Quick-lime 4 " 



Water 50 gaU 



For apples, pears and quinces, use Paris green, two oz. to the above mixture. 



For peaches and plums and cherry, use Paris green, one oz. only to the above 

 mixture. 



From the results of all these experiments, I am sure that the Bordeaux mix- 

 ture is the best fungicide, and I am also sure that Paris green is the best insecti- 

 cide ; therefore I vpouid advise the use of the above as being safe. But it is best 

 for every one to test his own pump, plan of mixture, strength of material used,, 

 and fineness of spray, and then note the results on some bright, sunshiny day. 



L. A. Goodman, Secretary. 



SUMMARY. 



1. Pumps used in spraying orchards must have a large capacity in order to 

 be economical of labor. 



2. Automatic agitators have not given satisfactory results. 



3. That spraying may be facilitated, the trees in an orchard should be planted 

 far enough apart to allow of the passage of a wagon when the orchard is in full 

 bearing. 



4. The amount of liquid required to spray a fail-grown apple-tree is about 

 four gallons. 



5. The numberof applications necessary to protect apples frooa the scab fungus 

 cannot be definitely stated As a rule, it may be said that a fungicide should be 

 applied at least once before the trees blossom, and two applications are necessary 

 after the falling of the blossoms, upon those varieties which are habitually injured 

 by scab to any serious extent. Upon many susceptible varieties, one or two addi- 

 tional treatments are advisable. Only one or two applications may be applied with 

 profit to resistant varieties. 



6. The advisability of making more than one or two appllcitions of fungicide 

 to Baldwin and Fallawater apples is doubtful. King, Maiden Blush and Fall 

 Pippin apples will repay four and possibly six applications. Red Astrachan can 

 also be profitably treated three times. 



7. Bordeaux mixture proved to be by far the most effective fungicide of those 

 used. Following the Bordeaux in the order of their value are the am iioniacal 

 solution of copper carbonate, Paris green, Fostite. 



8. No preference can be given Paris green or London purple in regard ta 

 their insecticidal value, provided they contain an equal amount of arsenic. 



9. Two applications of the arsenites are sufficient to control the ravages of 

 the first brood of codlin moth larvae. The financial gain derived from later appli- 

 cation may be doubtful. 



10. The arsenites and fungicides used in the apple orchard appear to be 

 equally eff"ective whether applied alone or in combination. 



11. Paris green and London purple, if applied more than once or twice to 

 foliage, may do serious damage unless their caustic action is neutralized. 



12. Lime greatly reduced the caustic action of Paris green. 



13. The foliage of varieties of apples susceptible to the attacks of apple scab 

 was kept in a healthy condition by applications of fungicides. 



14. The size of Fall Pippin apples was practically doubled by protecting- 

 them from the attacks of the apple-scab fungus. 



