318 STATE HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY. 



of putting soil down under the roots ; some will throw all the dirt ou 

 the roots and tramp them, so that, no soil being under the roots, as he 

 tramps he breaks all the small roots off from the trees. 



Some even think they must put manure and fresh stable manure 

 in the holes when planting. These are some of the mistakes in plant- 

 ing that have come under my observation. 



Carefully digging the trees, with all the roots possible ; slightly 

 pruning the tops so as to correspond to the roots, especially in hard- 

 wood trees ; protecting the trees while out of the ground with damp 

 straw or damp cloths; digging the holes large enough to hold the 

 roots without cramping; putting some of the fine top-soil in the bot- 

 tom of the hole ; placing the tree upon this and putting the top-soil 

 over the roots sufiSciently to cover the roots ; tramping well the soil 

 about the roots, being careful not to break any of them by tramping; 

 planting the tree only about two inches deeper than it stood in the 

 nursery ; selecting trees that have been grown in the nursery, if pos- 

 sible ; putting water about the tree after the hole is half filled up and 

 well tramped; filling up the hole with the rest of the dirt, leaving the 

 ground about the tree in the shape of a saucer, so that it will catch the 

 water, and finally mulching the tree with coarse stable manure or 

 rotten straw, and you will have the work well done. 



Trees, forests and plants are the pride of our nation, and every one 

 looks with feelings of patriotism upon some of our historic trees. 



The Elm tree at Philadelphia, at which William Peun made his 

 treaty with the 19 tribes of Indians. The Sycamore that Alice and 

 Phoebe Gary planted at Mt. Pleasant, Ohio. The Charter Oak at Hart- 

 ford, which preserved the written guarantee of the liberty of the Con- 

 necticut colony. The Oak of Flushing, L. I., under which George Fox 

 preached ; the Cypress tree in the Dismal swamp, under which Wash- 

 ington reposed one night; the huge French Apple-tree near Ft. Wayne, 

 Ind., where Little Turtle, the great Miami chief, gathered his warriors ; 

 the Elm tree at Cambridge, in the shade of which Washington first took 

 command of the Continental army, on a hot summer day ; the Tulip 

 tree on King's Mountain, S. C, on which ten blood-thirsty Tories were 

 hung at one time ; the Pine tree at Ft. Edward, N. Y., under which the 

 beautiful Jane McCrea was slain; the Black Walnut near Haverstraw 

 on the Hudson, at which General Wayne mustered his forces at mid- 

 night, before his successful attack on Stony Point ; the grand Magnolia 

 tree near Charleston, S. C, under which Gen. Lincoln held the council 

 of war before surrendering the city ; the great Pecan tree at Yillere's 

 plantation, below New Orleans, under which a portion of the remains 

 of General Packenham was buried ; the great Pear trees planted by 



