134 



STATE BOARD OF AORICULTURE. 



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Fig. 11. Oak Leaf-miner, Lithocolletis cincinnatiella. (Original. i 



These dainty and minute moths were the parents of millions of grubs that so per- 

 sistently attacked the white oaks all over the southern part of the State as to change the 

 general color of the trees from a healthy green to a sicklj^ brownish hue. Some leaves 

 contained only one mine, but many contained two or three, wliile each mine contained 

 from one to five or six larvae. The eflect of thus destroying the breathing apparatus 

 of the tree cannot but be injurious. This particular species is two-brooded in Michigan, 

 the summer brood maturing about the middle of July and the spring brood some time 

 in the spring when the foliage has become suitable for egg-lajnng. The summer brood 

 passes the winter in the pupal or cocoon stage inside the mines in the leaves, each 

 insect spinning a circular flat sheet of silk over itself to ensure its safety. The pupae 

 fall, with the leaves, and pass the winter on the ground. If now we rake up the 

 leaves and burn them, we shall destroy great numbers of the insects. 



The following hymenopterous parasites were bred from this leaf-miner: Si/tiijiiesis uroplatae, 

 Clirt/socharis albipps Ashm., Pteromalifl sj). Sijmpiefiis nigrofpinora Ashni., Eulophus tricladus 

 Prov., OrgiUis coleophor(f, Protoponteles montiroUi Ashm." They were determined by Mr. Wm. Ash- 

 mead of the Dept. of Agr., at Washington, D. C, tlirough the Isindness of Dr. L. O. Howard. 



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Fig. 12. Basswood Blotch Leaf-miner, /.*7/(oco/7r^(,s- Incptirlla. (Original.) 



