EXPERIMENT STATION BULLETINS. 187 



APPLES. 



« 



Nearly all varieties of apples of bearing age yielded well this season. Even some 

 of the newer sorts which had not borne before produced full crops. Early in April, 

 the trees, with the exception of a few rows, were sprayed with copper sulphate, one 

 pound to fifteen gallons of water. The rows left untreated when this first spraying was 

 done were given an application of Bordeaux mixture just before the buds opened. 

 This latter treatment where tried has usually given good results by way of prevent- 

 ing the attack of apple scab fungus on the fruit stalks at the time of blossoming, 

 and it was the purpose to further test the efi'ectiveness of this practice. But con- 

 ditions Avere not very favorable for the disease at blossoming time last spring and 

 there appeared to be no difi'erence in favor of this treatment as compared with the 

 earlier use of the copper sulphate solution. However, in ordinary seasons there -is 

 little doubt but that it pays to spray just before the flower buds open and in some 

 instances it may even be the means of saving the crop. After the blossoms had fallen 

 and again about two weeks later, the trees were sprayed with Bordeaux mixture 

 and Paris green. These several sprayings served to hold fungous diseases well in 

 check, but did not prove so eiTeetual against the work of the codling moth. A few of 

 the late ripening varieties were quite wormy. Doubtless one or two later sprayings 

 would have considerably lessened the damage done by the insect. 



Below are given descriptions of varieties not heretofore described in the sub-station 

 reports. They are mostly new sorts which this season proved sufficiently productive 

 to give some indication of their probable worth. 



Arnold. — Tree vigorous, upright, rather spreading. The fruit is oblate, ribbed: 

 caA'ity broad, deep, usually russeted; basin deep, slightly corrugated: stalk one and 

 one-fourth inches long, slender: color yellow, sometimes with a brownish red cheek, 

 and usually with patches and network of russet: calyx small, closed: calyx tube 

 cup-shaped: flesh yellowish, firm, mild, sub-acid, rich, pleasant; quality very good. 

 Season November to March. 



AugTist (crab). — Tree vigorous, with roundish head. Fruit roundish conical, 

 with a deep, abrupt cavity, and a narrow, deep basin ; stem one and one-fourth inches 

 Icnsr. slender: r-ah'x closed, segments long, tips reflexed: calyx tube conien' • c^Mr 

 yellow: washed with light red, profusely covered Avith broken stripes of dark dull 

 red, and dotted Avith many light dots; flesh yellow, juicy, crisp, acid. Season August 

 and September. 



Buckingham. — Tree iipright, slightly spreading, vigorous. Fruit oblate, conical ; 

 cavity broad, deep, slightly russeted; basin deep, corrugated, somewhat irregular: stalk 

 medium, one-half inch long: calyx closed; calyx tube conical: color greenish yellow, 

 shaded and splashed with two shades of red: flesh yellowish white, tender, breaking, 

 juicy: flavor sprightly sub-acid. Season November to February. 



Carlough. — Tree vigorous with a roundish, spreading head, and reddish broAvn shoots. 

 Fruit roundish conical; cavity medium, slightly russeted; basin small, shallow; stalk 

 three-fourths of an inch long, slender; calyx small, closed: calyx tube short, conical: 

 color greenish yellow with a faint brownish red cheek : flesh white, tender, juicy, 

 with a mild, sub-acid, pleasant flavor. Ripe in November and a])parontly a long 

 keeper. 



Colton. — Tree vigorous, upright, spreading. Fruit ovate, inclined to conical, slightly 

 ribbed; cavity narrow, regular; basin shallow, ribbed; stalk stout, three-fourths of an 

 inch long: calyx closed; calyx tube funnel shaped: color greenish yellow, often with a 

 brownish red cheelc, and spriid<led with many greenish dots; flesh white, fine-grained, 

 rather tender, with a sprightly, sub-acid, very pleasant flavor. Season August. 

 Promising as an early dessert apple. 



Cullin. — Tree upright, spreading, slightly lacking in vigor. Fruit roundish, oblong, 

 narrowing toward eye: cavity broad, deep, russeted: basin medium, abrupt, corru- 

 g.Tted, ':i)iiiewhat irregular; stem slender, one inch long: cnlyx closed, usually to a 

 point: c.nlvx tube long, funiiel shaped : color yellowish irroon. rather faintly shaded 

 with brownish red at the base and sprinkled Avith many light dots toward the crown; 

 flesh firm, crisp, juicy; flaA'or spriijhtly. sub-acid. Ripe in January. 



Dickinson. — The tree is an upright, slightly spreading, fairly vigorous groAver, Avith 

 rather slender, yellowish brown, slightly downy shoots. Fruit roundish, oblong, in- 

 clining io conical; cavity narrow, rather shallow, basin shallow, corrugated: stalk 

 f^tout, three-fourths of an inch long; calyx shoil. closed: calyx tube conical; color light 



