EXPERIMENT STATION BULLETINS. 197 



Experiment III. — This animal was six years old and was affected with chronic 

 pyelo-nephritis. She was purchased in October, 18!)n. and was not known to be preg- 

 nant till several months later. On the 19th of January a pure culture was introduced 

 into the vag-na as in the above ExperiniPnts I and II. On the 9th of April the cow 

 gave birth to a small but apparently full time calf. However, there were present in 

 the cow's uterine cavity the same catarrhal conditions which were present in the 

 aborting cows. 



Experiments IV and V. — Two sheep were inoculated in the same manner as the 

 above cows, the 29th of January, 1897 ; one was a three-year-old white ewe tupped 

 on the 7th of November and the other a two-year-old black ewe tupped tm t)io eleventh 

 of November. The white ewe gave birth to two living lambs on the third of Apyl, 

 147 days after copulation. The lambs thrived quite well, but were probnblv born loo soon. 

 The catarrli of abortion was present in the uterine cavity and the bacilli were 

 abundant. The black ewe was killed on the same date, but the result was nesrative. 



Exjieriment VI. — "It now appeared to us to be of interest to determine experimentally 

 whether it was possible to introduce abortion bacilli into the uterus by way of the 

 blood stream. On the (ith of Slarch. 1897, we therefore injected into the jueular vein 

 of a precfnant ewe eighteen c.c. of a bouillon serum culture. (In the opinion of the 

 seller, the ewe was due to lamb at the beginning of April.) On the following day 

 the sheep would not feed, respiration was very hurried, and it had a temperature of 

 40.0 C. On the 18th of March the ewe eave birth to two lambs, which were small 

 but healthy and developed quite well. The afterbirth came away after an hour; the 

 entire chorion and also the cotyledons were deep red and covered with a rich red 

 flaky exiulate. The membranes were a I'ttle edematous. The exudate contained very 

 large numbers of abortion bacilli, of wh'ch we obtained beautiful cultures." 



Exncriment VII. — A small ewe received eight c.c. of a bouillon serum culture. April 

 1, 1807. into the jugular vein. Time of lambinir was unknown. Fever on second day 

 was slight, but temperature was 41 C. on third dav. On the Sth of April she gave birth 

 to a small living lamb. Abortion bacilli were found in d'scharsre. 



Experiment VIII. — A pregnant mare, eight years old, received 25 c.c. of a pure 

 culture in the jugular vein on April 1, 1897. There was a slight fever after injec- 

 tion. On the 29th of April she gave birth to a small living foal, which died May 

 1st. Abortion bac'lli were present in the after discharge. In this case there is no 

 doubt that the birth was premature, and it also asrrees very closely with the two 

 previous experiments and goes to show that the bacillus of abortion may be conveyed 

 through the blood. 



How the bacilli of abortion has been disseminated is now a very interesting ques- 

 tion to solve, inasmuch as the mode of infection has been attributed to several sources 

 and the true micro-organism of the disease is known. Owing to the long period of 

 incubation, the theory that the bull has been the agent in disseminating the bacilli, 

 and that he assumes the most important role in keeping the disease alive, has more 

 weight. 



In February, 1897, a Swedish estate owner applied to Professor Bang for advice 

 in the management of the dreaded disease, which had broken oxit in his recently im- 

 ported herd of Jerseys. Professor V>i\r\i recommended that the generative orsran of the 

 bull be d'sinfected with a one and a half per cent solut'on of lysol, by injecting about 

 one quart of it, with a rubV)er syringe, under the prepuce before and after service. 

 A year later the Swedi.sh trentleman reported that the trouble had disappeared entirely. 

 The number of cases reported on the Swedish estate may be tabulated according to 

 Mr. Sorensen's review as follows: 



Imported. Home bred. Total. 



"180.3 4 4 



1804 15 15 



1895 70 4 80 



1806 12 39 51 



1807 4 25 2!) 



1898 1 1" 



Only one cow aborted which had not been exposed before the adoption of Professor 

 Bang's method of treatment, and this the owner claims was clearly a case of non- 

 contagious abortion. 



Previous to 1897, on this Swedish estate, every means was exerted to prevent the 

 spread of the disease. The aborting cows were removed from the stalls and the stalls 



