EXPERIMENT STATION BULLETINS. 325 



"Tuberculosis of tlie womb and ovaries may depend on infection by the bull, or may 

 be a complication of intestinal and peritoneal tuberculosis. It is usually marked by 

 sterility, abortion, by frequency and intensity of oestrum, and by marked emaciation. 

 Sometimes there is a white vaginal discharge. 



"Tuberculosis of the liver, spleen and pancreas is also a common accompaniment 

 ■of infection of the bowel or abdominal cavity. The liver and spleen are especially 

 liable to sufTer from being on the line of circulation of the portal vein, which brings 

 blood from all the other abdominal digestive organs. The lymph glands on the 

 posterior aspect of the liver are especially liable to suffer. With liver tuberculosis 

 there may be jaundice, accompanied by other symptoms of digestive trouble, but as 

 in the aftection of the spleen and pancreas, there is oftentimes onlv an indefinite ill 

 health. 



"Tuberculosis of the kidneys may be attended by extra tenderness of the loins to 

 pinching and by frequent passage of urine, which may be discolored by blood or pus. 

 The urine is likely to contain microscopic cylindroid casts and when stained these 

 may show tubercle bacilli. 



"Tuberculosis of the udder is usually manifested by a circumscribed or general swell- 

 ing of one or more quarters, without at first special tenderness, and this generally 

 extends to the whole gland. The milk may be watery, glumous, or even bloody, and 

 >he lymph glands in front of the udder and behind are enlarged and hardened. The 

 tuberculous nature of the lesions can only be certainly determined by the discovery 

 of the tubercle bacillus in the milk, by the successful inoculation of the milk into a 

 sm.all animal, or by the tuberculin test. 



"Tuberculosis of the throat and pharyngeal lymph glands is one of the most common 

 forms of tuberculosis in cattle. It causes a wheezing breathing, glairy discharge from 

 the nose or mouth, difficulty in swallowing and a loose gurgling cough. The diseased 

 glands may be felt as soft swellings around the throat, or as shrunken hard nodular 

 bodies, or as masses fiuctuating by reason of their liquid contents. When the disease 

 extends to the interior of the larynx, it causes a persistent paroxysmal, husky cough. 



"The lymph glands inside the lower jaw or those near the root of the ear may swell 

 up, soften and discharge a cheesy or thick creamy fluid containing the bacillus. 



"The lymph glands inside the chest — bronchial, mediastinal, etc. — are especially 

 liable to suffer, as they receive the infected lymph which comes from the diseased 

 lungs. These often suffer when no lung disease can be found, the bacilli having passed 

 through the lung without forming any primary lesion in that organ, or those that 

 have been formed having healed. These are often attended by no distinctive symptoms, 

 and require the tuberculin test. 



"LjTnph glands in front of the middle of the shoulder blade may be suspected 

 if of unequal size and form on the two sides, if hard and nodular, or if soft and 

 fluctuating. They rarely caseate and burst. 



"Other lymph glands that may be similarly aff'ected, and that are superficial 

 enough to be felt, are the glands at the entrance of the chest in front of the two first 

 ribs, the glands on the flank above and in front of the stifle, and, in the young, the 

 glands situated high up in the groin. 



"Tuberculosis of the bones and joints is seen in young growing animals, affecting 

 especially the large joints of the limbs, the elbow and knee, the stifle and hock, but also 

 at times the bones and joints of the digits. The ends of the bones become enlarged 

 and tender and the joints over-distended, tense and elastic. The lameness may be 

 extreme." 



IS TUBERCULOSIS INCURABLE? 



This is a question which is frequently asked by the stock-grower. A word of expla- 

 nation may be pertinent. 



So far as is known there is no infallible cure for this disease. If we may judge 

 from the lesions in post-mortem examinations, we may safely say that there is evi- 

 dence of cure. This is as true of animals as of man. In fact, in cases where tubercu- 

 losis is still present, there are, in the form- of cicatricial tissue, the marks of old 

 tuberculous abscesses. In a cow killed this year, there were found a great number 

 of active tubercles of large size, and in the liver tliree or four spots of fibrous tissue, 

 one to two inches in diameter, marking the location of ])revioiisIy active tubercles. 

 Such as these indicate that tubercles may run their course and disintegrate com- 

 pletely, leaving only a scar behind. In the spring of 1899, three animals were killed 

 which had reacted in 189G. They had ceased to react to tuberculin. The post-mortem 

 examination resulted in the fintling of single glands affected, all of which were in a 

 calcareous condition. Here also we have evidence of a check in the progress of the 



