TRANSPLANTATION FOR THE FARM, THE 

 ORCHARD, AND THE GARDEN. 



BY CHARLES W. GARFIELD. 



scieintific vs. practical knowledge. 



The practical man is often ready Avitli tlie announcement that lie cares 

 nothing for science applied to agriculture; it is enough for him to know that 

 certain methods produce certain results ; farming is a means of getting a living, 

 and knowing how to get a livelihood honestly in the legitimate prosecution of 

 agriculture, is the sum of all that goes to make successful farming. This 

 statement was made to me a few days ago by a tlirifty stock grower in Iowa, but 

 before we had completed a few moment's conversation, he said : '"I have 

 studied a good deal over the matter of the inlluence of forest growth upon the 

 climate of a country, and believe that the temperature and rainfall of our State 

 will ])e more even throughout the year, wlien tiie immense plantations of forestry 

 already planted out on our prairies have attained considerable size. Do you 

 know what our most knowing men have brought out in this matter?" It was 

 in my heart to reply that the most knowing men who had looked up this matter 

 were scientific men, and he of course would care nothing for their opinion. I 

 denied myself, however, and answered his question as well as my stock of 

 information would allow. 



The actions of our so-called practical men everywhere speak more truthfully 

 than their words. The results of scientific rcsearcli are everywhere in nse, and 

 notwithstanding all protests, the tendency of the severest of i)ractical men is 

 toward the "because" of things. Our people are a questioning people, and 

 are continually looking for bottom facts, for principles that underlie niethods 

 of practice. It is only with this peering into the why of results that men grasp 

 the elements of success, and with their aid swing tliemselves into i)rosperity. 



Tliis I have said as introductory to my subject, because in treating it I shall 

 link together the science and practice of tlic matter, mingling the reasons with 

 the methods and still try to liavc it all practical. 



BEGINXIXG AT TJIE KOOT. 



In starting out we will begin with the foundation — striking at the "root" 

 of the snl)jcct at once. In dealing with plants, as with men, we must under- 

 stand tlieir nature or we shall make grave errors, and reap the reward of ignor- 

 ance. If we take a seedling tree at one year old, we find the root, like the to^), 



