2^0 STATE POMOLOGICAL SOCIETY. 



of South Ilavoii, Michigan. The vines were loaded with beautiful fruit, and 

 hardly a cluster was at all defaced by the rot. On a thorougli examination I 

 found no apj)earance whatever of tiie Phylloxera. The same day I visited the 

 vineyard of Mr. Ilaigli of the same place. A little rot was seen, — not very 

 much, — and some Phylloxera, — not very many. Wliercver we found what vine- 

 SCrowers call black-rot, we found more or less Phvlloxera on the roots. 



But tlie best opportunity I iiad to study this disease was at Grosse Isle, in 

 the Detroit river, about twenty miles below tiie city, at tlic truly magnificent 

 vineyard of Mr. Edward Lyon, which I was requested to visit, and which I 

 examined September 2:3d. 



This vineyard, for size, beauty of location, excellence of arrangement, judic- 

 ious selection of varieties, and thoroughness of culture, has, 1 am sure, no 

 equal in Michigan. In fact, it is not surpassed, if I mistake not, by the fam- 

 ous Island Vineyards of Oliio. It is 18 acres in extent, fronts the main branch 

 of the river, while in the distance may bo seen the broad surface of Lake Erie. 

 The soil is a rich hcarj/ clay loam. Tiie vineyard is thorouglily drained, the 

 tile drains being 30 feet apart tliroughout nearly the entire vineyard. The 

 vineyard has not been heavily pruned, and the amount of wood is just tremen- 

 dous. The setting, too, of tbe grapes surpassed anything I had ever seen this 

 side the famous grai)e-growing region of California. Two years ago tiie net 

 proceeds of this vineyard were 83,000. That year the season was ve7-y dry, and 

 the rot affected only the lona grapes, rendering that variety nearly Avorthless. 

 Here, then, was rot even in a dry season. Last year tiie season was very wet, 

 and the amount of wood and the sotting-of grapes very great, while tlie rot was 

 general, affecting more or less the entire vineyard. Tiiis year, all varieties, in- 

 cluding Concord, Clinton, and Delaware, Avhich the noted vineyardist, Mr. Geo. 

 Campljoll, of Delaware, Ohio, says he never knew to rot, and the Rogers' No. 

 4 (Wilder), (Lindley), and 22 (Salem), are badly attacked with the rot, so that 

 the profits of the vineyard are really nothing. In fact, I question if the vine- 

 yard really pays expenses. The present year has also been very wet, so that for 

 days together, it was hardly i)ossil)le to go into the vineyard, because of the 

 mortar-like condition of the soil. In the meantime the lona vines have mostly 

 died. Many others look diseased. Especially did I observe some poor sickly 

 looking Clinton vines, showing that they stood adversity but little better than 

 others rejnited more tender and susceptible. 



I found by examination, that wherever the grapes wei'e badly rotted, there 

 the attack by lice had hocn most severe. In an extended examination, I gave 

 correctly, with l)ut one mistake, the condition of the roots, as to knots and 

 lice, simply by observing the condition of the fruit as to rot. Where the rot 

 was excessive, there the roots were sorely affected, often nearly dead. "Where 

 the rot was partial — only a few grapes rotten on each cluster — there the roots 

 were more exempt from attack. "Where there were very few rotten grapes, as 

 with the Salem and Rogers' No. 9, there was an almost entire absence of lice. 



Since determining the above facts, I have written to Mr. Addison Kelley of 

 Kelley's Island, who has been familiar with the Phylloxera for some years, and 

 has closely observed it and its pestiferous work in his own vineyard. In his re- 

 sponse he says he coincitlcs with mo entirely, in the following 



CONCLUSIONS. 



Undoubtedly the Phvlloxera causes the rot. bv abstracting the sap, and 

 thus so lessens the vigor of the vines, that they are unable to ripen all their 

 fruit, and hence many of the grapes wither, which withering may be due to 



