24G STATE rOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY. 



takes out a few twigs at any season. lie prefers to prune in December whether 

 the limbs are fi'ozen or not. He docs not bend the twigs. lie never removes 

 large limbs, and under no consideration would he ever cut off the main or cen- 

 ter shoot. He wants to encourage a head three to four feet high witii main 

 leader, and does uot open the head but little. 



IXSECTS. 



Of these, Mr. Parmelee says, we have all they have anywhere, and would not 

 have a sound apple if we did not light insects. "We pick off and pick up those 

 which arc Avormy ; we band the trunks with dark brown paper of two thick- 

 nesses, to make a dark hiding place for the worms. Tlie bands are four inches 

 wide and are held on by strings, drawn up tight about the center, which is 

 likely to leave the edges a little loose. 



He places great stress on picking off the apples to kill the first crop of moths. 

 The fruit lie buries, scalds, or throws into a barrel of water. Cut worms arc 

 a great nuisance, and are kept from climbing a small tree by a funnel shaped, 

 paper tied about the trunk with the open end of the funnel dowuAvards. He 

 sometimes uses pieces of tin three inches wide, set about the trunk and pressed 

 slightly into the ground. These tins are three inches wide, and are bent sliort 

 at the ends so as to lock together, as one bent band may hold to another bent 

 band. 



PROTECTION. 



Trees are most apt to die in hollows where the drainage is not good, and where 

 the coldest air settles. He never saw a screen thin enough to the southwest, or 

 in any other direction. He had some trees screened and they killed the worst 

 of any. "Tlic more exposed the trees, the better for tlie Traverse country," 

 is the united opinion of tlie members of the Peninsular Farmer's club. To be 

 sure tiie wind sometimes blows off the fruit and tips over the trees, but the air 

 in motion is better than air at rest in cold weather. 



Mr. rarmelee had lost one large peach orchard by over-culture and late 

 growth, but would not hesitate to ])lant another were it not for increasing liis 

 labors. 



It was with some hesitation that the committee passed this grand orchard 

 without a diploma. "Witli a few more years and continued good care this orch- 

 ard promises to be one of the most famous in the State, or even in tlie United. 

 States. 



APPLE ORCHARD OF SAMUEL 15. SMITH, GRAND RAPIDS. 



This orchard contains about 1,4(J0 trees, of different ages, from twenty-four 

 years to twelve years old. The prominent varieties are Golden Kusset, Baldwin, 

 lied Canada. Eso])us Spitzenburgh, and Rhode Island Greening, 



About 1,000 of the.se trees were Ben. Davis, set for the purpose of top graft- 

 ing with lied Canada. They pleased the orchard committee of five years ago 

 so well that they gave a diploma to the owner. Two hundred and lifty have 

 been top-grafed. The crops have usually been good, especially on last year. 



It needs but a brief glance at the orchard to convince an expert that the 

 owner does not "live in it," as we may say was the case with many orchards 

 seen by the committee this summer. In case of some of the trees in the old 

 orchard, the owner had apparently become sick of low tops, and had trimmed 

 off many of the lower limbs, some of which were quite large. This practice is 



