274 



STATE BOARD OF AGRICULTURE. 



A-}-B=Litmus completely reduced but becoming red on shaking a little. The 

 milk is unchanged in appearance. 



47 hours after inoculation. 



A=Litmus reduced at bottom, red above. Milk unchanged. 



B^Litmus blue and milk unchanged. 



A+B=Litmus wholly reduced excepting a very thin stratum on surface. Milk 

 has formed into a solid curd. 



72 hours after inoculation. 

 A=Litraus red throughout. No apparent change in milk. 

 B=Litmus blue. Milk peptonizing slightly on immediate surface. 

 A+B=Litmus red throughout. Milk solid curd and whey separated. 



95 hours after inoculation. 



A:=Litmus reduced at bottom, red above, and milk beginning to lopper. 

 B^Litmus partly reduced. Milk is peptonizing rapidly. 

 A+B=:Same as at 72 hours. 



The difference in time of loppering of A and A+B, forty-eight hours, Is not so 

 great in this test; however, in a dozen or more trials, identical in every particular, 

 I have not found any passing these limits. It is fair to conclude that so far as 

 the naked eye can note changes in litmus milk and milk without litmus, there 

 must be differences in the cultures A and A+B and that A+B loppers much more 

 rapidly than A. Further, when this is carried on in the same manner with milk 

 taken from a cow by milking into a narrow mouthed sterilized flask and not 

 sterilizing the milk at all, but simply making our inoculations as in previous 

 cases, the results are in main the same, especially so far as loppering of A and 

 A+B are concerned. I suspect, moreover, that bacteria present in such milk exert 

 a marked influence, for I find that the courses run by the cultures A, B and A+B 

 are in some details different in character. This is another open and suggestive 

 field to be pursued at our first opportunity. 



So constant and uniform have been the above results that after many trials I 

 feel satisfied. Others whom I have incited to try have also met with like conclu- 

 sions. 



In the study of acidity of the same cultures, we find that B remains about the 

 same for some hours after inoculation, but after standing several days becomes 

 strongly alkaline, passing in the alkaline direction from the neutral point about 

 as many degrees as A passes in the acid direction. Further than this, culture B 

 need not be taken into account. The development of acid in cultures A and A+B 

 may be advantageously added. 



hours after inoculation 18 degrees 



loppered 



The acidities in the above records verify the previous gross observations. It 

 appears characteristic of A+B to make a very rapid rise in acidity immediately 

 after twenty-four hours, while A progresses slowly and steadily. Another trial 

 of acidity is added by way of confirmation, although all run very uniformly, much 

 as in the above record. 



Culture A. 



hours after inoculation 18 degrees 



23 " " " 24 



49 " •* " 38 



72 " " " 48 



96 " " " 56 



121 " " " 62 



Culture A+B. 

 18 degrees 

 32 



56 " loppering 

 70 

 loppering 84 " 

 95 



