130 STATE HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY. 



remain, while the others were removed for the purpose of propagation. 

 An exposed surface or wound was consequently left by the removal of the 

 buds, and from these wounds new or adventitious buds were produced with 

 the peculiarity that their leaves were all green, although produced upon a 

 purple scion. 



The following cases may also be given in this connection: Mr. Moen 

 reports in the Tropical Agriculturist that scions of Cinchona Ledger iana, 

 grafted upon the stocks of the red-bark, contained less than the usual 

 amount of quinine, but that the bark of the stock was thereby rendered 

 richer in that product. Professor George L. Goodale, who reports the 

 case in Science, 1883, page 611, thinks that the grafts, which were four 

 years of age, may have been too young for a reliable test. 



Another example to which I can not now refer, is reported from 

 France, where an alkaloid was transferred from scion to stock. If I 

 remember correctly it was a case of Solatium Dulcamara grafted upon the 

 potato. 



DISEASE. 



The transfer of disease from scion to stock, and vice versa, is well 

 authenticated. McIntosh states 1 that " the influence of the graft upon 

 the stock appears scarcely to extend beyond the power of communicating 

 disease, as shown by the difficulty of inducing health and vigor in a tree 

 that has been grafted from another in an unhealthy state, even although 

 grafted upon a healthy stock." And again:" '"It is said that peaches 

 wrought upon the pear-plum stock are much less liable to mildew than 

 those upon the common muscle stock." 



Philip Miller, in his "Gardener's Dictionary' 1 '' 1731, under "Malus," 

 says that the crab tree is generally preferred to most other sorts for graft- 

 ing improved varieties of apples on, it being the most durable stock " and 

 not so liable to canker as those which are produced from kernels of better 

 apples." 



Mr. F. Burr is reported in the Transactions of the Massachusetts Horti- 

 cultural Society for 1889, page 11, as having had a tree bearing a medium- 

 size apple which perished on the tree before it was fully ripe. " To save 

 the tree and overcome the difficulty, he grafted it with the small English 

 Russet, which is a remarkably long keeper. The grafts grew well and 

 bore fine Russets, but to Mr. Burr's disappointment they inherited the 

 peculiarity and rotted so badly that they were fit only for early cider." 



Dr. Erwin F. Smith gives abundant evidence 3 that peach yellows may 

 be transferred to health stocks by means of budding. 



The experiments of Professors Burrill and Arthur, in transferring 

 pear blight from diseased to healthy trees by inoculation, may also be 

 mentioned in this connection. 



The pear upon quince stocks blights somewhat less than when grafted 

 on pear roots, but it is still by no means exempt from that disease. The 

 importance, in certain cases, of securing disease-resisting stocks is illustra- 

 ted by the success of French vine-growers in overcoming the Phyloxera 

 disease by grafting upon stocks of American grapes. 



i Book of the Garden, Vol. II, page 326. 



2 lb., page 328. 



3 Bulletin 9, Bot. Div. (Sec. Veg. Path.) U. S. Dept. Agriculture. 1889. 



