EXPERIMENT STATION BULLETINS. 265 



Agriculture, discovered the method of churning kerosene oil with sour 

 milk and forming the kerosene and milk emulsion. This is easily made 

 but can not be kept long and I think is injurious to plants, as it attracts 

 fungi and dust, and unlike soap solution would be befouling rather than 

 cleansing to animals. I used it considerably several years ago, when 

 both Dr. W. J. Beal and myself thought we noticed marked injury to 

 the foliage. I do not believe it will ever rank with the soap emulsions 

 as an insecticide. 



PYRETHRO-KEROSENE EMULSIONS. 



A year ago, Dr. A. E. Menke, of the Arkansas Experiment Station, 

 announced a new insecticide which Mr. G. C. Davis, Assistant Entomolo- 

 gist of the Michigan Agricultural College and then temporary assistant to 

 Dr. Menke, found a decided improvement upon the simple kerosene emul- 

 sion. This is made by using a kerosene extract of pyrethrum instead of pure 

 kerosene oil in either formula No. 1 or No. 2, as already given. The extract 

 is obtained by filtering one gallon of kerosene through two and one half 

 pounds of pyrethrum or insect powder. To filter we place the powder in 

 a funnel lined with coarse paper, and turn on the oil. We can get the 

 filter paper of any druggist, who will show us just how to put it in the 

 funnel. We found this pyrethro-kerosene emulsion more effective to kill 

 insects, and less injurious to foliage than is the simple kerosene emulsion, 

 and a one twelfth emulsion harmed no foliage, while a one fifteenth kero- 

 sene emulsion was as strong as we could safely use on many kinds of 

 plants. The objections to this are its cost and the extra trouble in making 

 it. From many experiments, tried this season, we believe this will prove 

 one of our very desirable insecticides. We advise all to try it in all cases 

 where the kerosene emulsion fails. 



KEROSENE EMULSION FOR LICE AND TICKS. 



In Bulletin No. 73, issued last April, we advised the use of the kerosene, 

 emulsion to kill lice on cattle, horses, and hogs, and ticks on sheep. We 

 had then only used it on cattle for cattle lice. We have since used it on 

 horses, hogs, and sheep, and are fully persuaded that it ranks first in 

 effectiveness and cheapness as a specific in all such cases. The many 

 letters that we have received the past summer relating to the use of the 

 emulsion, the more timely date and the exceeding importance of the matter, 

 make us repeat with emphasis the advice we then gave. Lice and ticks are 

 very common in nearly if not all the flocks and herds of the state. They 

 claim no mean per cent, of the strength and vitality of our animals. Well- 

 fed animals are not always slick and fine. The cause is not infrequently 

 found in the tormenting, blood-sucking lice. Tobacco decoction, crude 

 petroleum, and the various commercial dips, are less efficient, not so whole- 

 some, and more costly. Kerosene emulsion, not only kills all the lice, but 

 also the nits or eggs, and if the stable be well sprinkled with the emulsion 

 at the same time that the animals are treated, the application will need to 

 be repeated only at rare intervals. Again, brushing the animals thoroughly 

 with the soap wash seems to dense the skin and make the coat more bright 

 and glossy. Without any question the kerosene emulsion barrel should 

 find a place in every stockman's barn. 



The soft soap emulsion is best for this. The more liquid nature makes 

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