320 STATE HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY. 



years proved more injurious to the apple than any other. The perfect 

 insect is a moth with a wing-spread of three fourths of an inch. They 

 appear while the apple is in bloom and, soon after the petals fall, deposit 

 an egg in the basin of the calyx. The larva hatches in six or eight days 

 and eats its way into the core. After three or four weeks, it attains full 

 size and makes a burrow from the core to one side of the apple. If the 

 little apple has not already dropped to the ground, the worm lets itself 

 down by a silken thread that it spins, or crawls down the trunk. It seeks 

 some hiding place, and develops into a pupa, from which it comes forth, 

 at the end of three weeks, a moth. A second batch of eggs is laid, and 

 the worms from this brood are many of them gathered in the winter 

 apples. Emerging from these, they change to pupse and appear as moths 

 the following May. At the south, a third brood may be developed. •. 



Various remedies have been tried, such as trapping the moths with 

 lights and pans of water, and destroying the pupae that may be in bands 

 of cloth or straw fastened around the trunks of the trees, but none have 

 proven efficient. The cheapest and* surest method is to spray the trees, as 

 soon as the blossoms have all fallen, with water containing LoudoD purple 

 at the rate of one pound to two hundred gallons. If the worms are very 

 numerous, it will pay to make a second application at the end of five weeks. 



If the neighboring orchards have not been sprayed, or if the season was 

 rainy for the two weeks following the first spraying, a second application 

 should always be made. 



TENT CATERPILLAK AND CANKER WORM. 



These, with other spring leaf-eating insects can be destroyed with the 

 arsenites and, as a rule, the application for the apple worm will destroy all 

 of this class. 



In case there is no crop to necessitate spraying for the codlin moth, 

 the "tents" of the caterpillar can be readily seen, and can be readily 

 rubbed off with the hand or with a swab at the end of a pole. As the 

 worms are usually " at home " early in the forenoon, and toward sunset,, 

 they can easily be destroyed, if the work is done at that time. 



PLUM CURCULIO. 



The " Little Turk," as he is called, is so destructive to plums and, in a 

 measure, to cherries, peaches, and apples, that few fruits escape him if he 

 is unmolested. 



The jarriug process has been used with success for years, but is tedious 

 and expensive. For some ten years, spraying with arsenites has been 

 experimented with, and, although it is impossible to save all the fruits by 

 this method, persistent efforts will save the bulk of the crop. 



The mature insects are minute dark brown beetles, with a large snout. 

 They appear about the time the plums bloom — in some seasous they have 

 been noticed before the flowers open — and, as they feed on the foliage, the 

 poison destroys them. In depositing their egg, they first make a cavity 

 and, after placing the egg in this, cut a semi-circular canal around it. This- 

 crescent-shape cut is a sure sign of the work of the "Turk." 



In some seasons, he appears before the flowers open, and as it is not 

 advisable to spray while the trees are in bloom, on account of the injury it 

 would do to the bees, an application made just before that time would be 



