NEW YORK EXPERIMENT STATION BULLETINS. 389 



Our plantation of Lucretia has been seriously attacked by anthracrose (Gloeosporium 

 necator) and a rust (Septoria rubi). The anthracrose or cane rust attacked the plants 

 while the fruit was ripening and caused the loss of nearly half the crop on many plants. 

 It appears as sunken patches upon the canes and red white-centered spots upon the 

 leaves. If the attack is serious the berries shrivel. Cleaning out or burning the leaves 

 and old canes during the winter and applying fungicides early in the spring will prob- 

 ably hold it in check. 



From all the foregoing evidence it appears to be safe to say that the 

 Lucretia dewberry possesses desirable features, and that in many places it 

 will be found to be profitable. It needs pruning and other attention, and 

 trellising is often advantageous. It is about as hardy as the common black- 

 berries, but it is easily protected. Its greatest merits are earliness, large 

 size, and ease with which it can be protected from cold. Its greatest 

 demerits are the frequent failure of its flowers to set, the formation of 

 nubbins, its variability, and the labor of picking. It has received com- 

 mendations from Vermont to Florida and California. It is probable that 

 it will gain in favor as a fruit of secondary importance when the best 

 methods of growing it become better known. 



5. Bartel, (Rubus Canadensis var. invisus).— The Bartel enjoys the distinction of 

 being the first dewberry, so far as I know, to receive a name. It was brought to notice 

 some time early in the seventies by Dr. Bartel of Huey, Clinton county, southern Illi- 

 nois. The story goes that the plants appeared in an old cornfield upon his farm, and 

 some of the berries were so large that he conceived the idea of selling plants. He 

 procured a lithograph of the berries — which did ample justice to the fruit, — described 

 the methods of growing them and for a time disposed of considerable stock. The 

 introducer was an old man at this time and was one of those clever and picturesque 

 individuals who often lend an interest to a neighborhood. The first printed record of 

 this berry appeared in December, 1875, in Purdy's Fruit Recorder (p. 182). This is a 

 communication from " T. C. Bartels of Clinton county, Illinois," and is headed " Bar- 

 ties' Mammoth Dewberry."* The description of the berry rnns as follows: " This is 

 a very fine berry, ripening from the last of June until the middle of August. The fruit 

 is very large, rich and juicy, slightly acid, but not so sour as the blackberry. When 

 ripe it is black, and is sufficiently solid to bear shipment with safety. 1 have had ber- 

 ries over two inches in length and one inch in diameter. They are a perpetual bearer, 

 from the time they begin to ripen (in ordinary seasons) until the last of August — hav- 

 ing blossoms on the same vine simultaneously with the ripe fruit. They are very 

 prolific, yielding in a fair season from sixty to eighty bushels to an acre. They do not 

 blossom until late in the spring — later than the strawberry — the fruit maturing in from 

 four to six weeks after blossoming — hence they are seldom if ever injured by late frosts 

 in the spring. They are very hardy — having succeeded so far north as Wisconsin and 

 the northern part of Iowa." An account of methods of cultivation is then given. " I 

 shipped some of my dewberries to New York city from this place for which I received 

 sixteen dollars per bushel. I also shipped to Rockford, 111., St. Louis, Mo., and to 

 Independence, Iowa, for which I received twelve dollars and eighty cents per bushel; 

 while the highest price paid for strawberries did not exceed, on an average, six dollars 

 and forty cents per bushel. I consider the dewberry the most profitable fruit raised." 

 Mr. Purdy gave roots of this dewberry as a premium to his paper at this time, and 

 among those who obtained it were I. N. Stone of Port Atkinson, Wisconsin, and Hon, 

 B. P. Adams of Madison, Wis., the only persons, probably, as Mr. Stone writes me, " who 

 had sufficient confidence in it to give it a fair trial." Mr. Stone has made a marked 

 success of its culture, and all the plants set in recent years appear to have come directly 

 or indirectly from him. 



A good account of the Bartel was published in Garden and Forest recently by Pro- 

 fessor Gofp. "In the summer of 1889," Professor Goff writes, "I saw a small 

 plantation of Bartel on the grounds of Mr. H. C, Adams of Madison, Wisconsin, that 

 at once established my faith in the possibilities of this fruit [dewberry]. I w T as informed 

 that the most productive season had passed at the time of my visit, and that the ber- 



*The name of this dewberry is variously written Bartle, Bartles', Bartell and Bartells', but I have the 

 evidence of a neighbor of the introducer, who is now dead, that he spelled his name Bartel. Perhaps the 

 orthography of the name may have been confused because of another family in Clinton county which 

 spells its name Bartels. 



