BULLETINS OF THE ELEVENTH CENSUS. 445 



New York market about 1845 by way of the New York and Erie canal. 

 The grapes were delivered in good condition, and the commission houses 

 handling them wrote encouragingly to the shipper, advising further ship- 

 ments. The next year the grower was able to ship some 200 or 300 pounds. 

 He overdid the matter, however, and the New York market on grapes 

 b>roke under the pressure. It is estimated that during the last season 

 (1890) there have been shipped from this same district and carried by the 

 different railroad and express companies to New York, Boston, Philadel- 

 phia, and other distributing markets about 20,000 tons or 40,000,000 

 pounds of grapes, and probably one quarter of this amount was, in addi- 

 tion, sold to wine manufacturers. 



The Hudson river district, in the same state, is estimated to have 

 shipped to the New York and other markets during the same time between 

 13,000 and 15,000 tons or 28,000,000 pounds of grapes, while the Chautau- 

 qua district of New York, where the industry has been growing and pros- 

 pering only through the past decade, furnished as its 1890 crop for the 

 different markets of the country probably about 1,200 car loads or 30,000,- 

 000 pounds of table grapes, making a grand total of 98,000,000 pounds as 

 the product of what is known as the New York state district. This does 

 not include the large amount of grapes used in the district for wine, the 

 figures and report upon which will be found elsewhere in this bulletin. 



As a further instance of the proportions to which the industry has 

 grown in the United States, as will be seen by the accompanying tables, 

 the product of California for the season of 1889 was 14,626,000 gallons of 

 wine and 1,372,195 boxes of raisins. The product of 1890 is estimated, by 

 schedules sent directly to the census office, at 16,500,000 gallons of wine 

 and 2,197,463 boxes of raisins, with young raisin vineyards enough to 

 increase the yield of raisins within the next five years to 8,000,000 or 10,- 

 000,000 boxes. 



The area in which the industry may be found has been separated into 

 five divisions, some of which are again subdivided into districts. These 

 divisions are as follows: 



First. The Eastern division, comprising about 51,000 acres in cultiva- 

 tion in the states of New York and Pennsylvania, includes the Keuka 

 district, Canandaigua district, Ontario and Wayne district, Seneca district, 

 Chautauqua county, (New York) and Erie county (Pennsylvania) district, 

 and the Hudson River district. 



Second. The Middle division, with 42,633 acres in the states of Illinois, 

 Indiana, and Ohio, the latter including the Islands district and the Euclid 

 district. 



Third. The Western division, with 17,306 acres in the states of Kansas 

 and Missouri. 



Fourth. The Southern division, with 17,092 acres in Georgia, North 

 •Carolina, Tennessee, and Virginia. 



Fifth. The Pacific division, with 213,230 acres in California, including 

 its several districts, and Arizona and New Mexico. 



Outside of these five divisions all other states and territories show 

 upward of 60,000 acres in cultivation. 



For the purposes of this investigation, the products of viticulture have 

 been classed under three distinct heads, namely, grapes for table use, 

 grapes for raisins, and grapes for wine. 



The following table shows the area and production of vineyards, capital 

 invested in land, buildings, etc., and labor employed in the United States 

 by states: 



