BULLETINS OF THE ELEVENTH CENSUS. 449 



Agriculture, with the Bordeaux mixture and Eau Celeste has been experi- 

 mented with by many growers, and when applied early, thoroughly, and 

 often enough, has given encouraging results. There is now a well-founded 

 hope that by the intelligent and persistent use of the copper salt remedies 

 we shall conquer the black rot, as well as the mildew, perenospora, and 

 other fungoid diseases." 



In Kansas, in this division, there have been small plantings of vines in 

 various parts of the state, aggregating some 5,542 acres of young and old 

 vines, raising some table grapes and making some wine for its home 

 market. The prospects for grape-growing in the western division are 

 improving. 



Southern Division. — This division includes the states of Georgia, 

 North Carolina, Tennessee and Virginia, of which Georgia has 1,938 acres 

 of bearing vines and 2,154 acres of new vineyards; North Carolina, 4,000 

 acres of bearing vines and 1,200 acres of new vineyards; Tennessee, 1,500 

 acres of bearing vines and 600 acres of new vineyards; and Virginia, 4,100 

 acres of bearing vines and 1,600 acres of new vineyards. Georgia, in 1889, 

 produced 107,666 gallons of wine and 3,876,000 pounds of table grapes. 

 The latter ripen early, reaching the northern markets a month earlier than 

 those grown in Ohio or New York, and consequently bring much higher 

 prices than the northern and western grapes. A variety that is meeting 

 with [much success in the southern states is the Niagara, a white grape, 

 very hardy, ripening early, and doing well in Georgia. One of the 

 evidences that viticulture is prospering in that state is shown in the extent 

 of the new plantings, the reports to the census office showing that 2,154 

 acres were planted within the last two years. 



North Carolina's 4,000 acres of bearing vines in 1889 produced 388,833 

 gallons of wine and 9,334,000 pounds of table grapes. Tennessee, with 

 1,500 acres produced 208,333 gallons of wine and furnished 5,000,000 

 pounds of table grapes. Virginia had 4,100 acres of bearing vines, which 

 produced 461,000 gallons of wine and 10,868,000 pounds of table grapes. 



Virginia during the past decade has held her own, although growers 

 have had to fight the various enemies, such as mildew and black rot, but 

 are thoroughly awake to the importance of using the remedies recom- 

 mended by the Department of Agriculture. 



This investigation has shown an extension of vineyards during the past 

 two or three years in the state of Florida. The Elvira and Niagara have 

 been planted somewhat extensively, and part of the Niagara product 

 reaches the northern markets as early as the latter part of July or the first 

 of August, bringing higher prices in consequence, selling from 25 to 30 

 cents per pound. The varieties mentioned are white grapes, very hardy, 

 and may succeed. 



There are in this division 11,538 acres of bearing vines and 5,554 acres 

 of new vineyards, which produced 1,165,832 gallons of wine and 29,078,000 

 pounds of table grapes in 1889. The outlook for successful viticulture in 

 the southern division for wine, and particularly for the finer varieties of 

 table grapes grown for the early northern and western markets, is full of 

 encouragement to the careful and earnest cultivator. 



Pacific Division. — This division embraces Arizona, New Mexico and 

 California. Viticulture in Arizona and New Mexico is comparatively new, 

 but is thought to have a prosperous future. Not only do the native 

 varieties of grape grow in these territories, but the European, or vinifera, 

 also flourishes here. The Muscat varieties, grown so successfully in Cal- 



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