Summer Meeting. 73 



the plowing and harrowing is going on, they will pick up immense num- 

 bers of these insects. 



If all three of the above methods of fighting the plum curculio in the 

 orchard are followed, one can so rid the orchard of these insects in a 

 year or two as to scarcely notice their presence. In other words, if one 

 will spray the trees twice before the blossoms open with arsenate of lead 

 and four times after the blossoms have fallen with the same arsenical 

 poison at intervals of ten days, and when the apples begin to fall, gather 

 them once a week and destroy them, or turn hogs into the orchard in 

 order to eat them up, and then the middle of July plow very shallow 

 and harrow very thoroughly, and then harrow again on the first and 

 fifteenth of August, one can practically exterminate the plum curculio 

 in the apple orchard. 



GROWING AND TRAINING THE VINES. 



(Ed Kemper, Hermann, Mo.) 



"Growing and Training the Vines," the subject assigned me is work 

 that anybody can do after having a few little hints, and a few well trained 

 grape vines should be in every garden trained to the fence, or in the 

 yard trained to a neat arbor, or in the back yard trained to the wood shed 

 or any building. They will not rot if trained to the aforesaid objects, 

 will bear abundantly and with little care. For the first few years they 

 have to be cultivated, but in after years this work is not necessary. If 

 you have cultivated your vines good for one summer and they have made 

 a strong growth, that growth has to be cut off entirely the coming winter 

 or spring, no matter how strong it may be, this seems wrong to almost 

 anybody, except the vineyardist, he knows that it is right. The next 

 spring you may leave one vine two or three feet long, depending upon the 

 vigor of the vines, also leave two spurs of two or three buds to get bear- 

 ing canes the next year as bearing canes should come out of as young 

 wood as possible. The third year you can leave two canes and of course 

 two spurs and in future years you should always remember that the 

 stronger the growth the more and longer canes you may leave, but they 

 should not be over four feet, and if the growth gets poorer you have to 

 cut less and shorter canes. 



Summer Pruning. — Pinch off one joint beyond the last bunch ; this 



should be done before blooming to force them quickly over blooming. 



Leave four to five sprouts from below for bearing canes and spurs for 



the coming year ; tear off all the rest that may grow out from below. 



. If you however want to train your vines high, you may do so. From 



