224 State Horticultural Society. 



landscaping one of the gigantic problems of the fair. In order to 

 give the proper results, in some places large trees must be moved. 

 Some three hundred or more ten or twelve inch trees were moved 

 and planted along the lagoons. These trees were found growing in 

 the park and were successfully moved with a loss of only three or four 

 out of the lot, and furnished shade to many a weary visitor during the 

 hot summer months, besides forming views and vista which brought 

 out the grandeur of the architecture of the buildings and the statuary. 



The Engineering Department was supposed to do the rough 

 grading. They wore away hills and filled up many hollows, but when 

 the landscape gardener began his work he found it was indeed rough 

 grading — piles of clay, piles of rock, piles of lime, whole seas of mud 

 through which a team could neither pull nor swim, train loads of old 

 lumber, scaffolding and trash of every description and the time for 

 opening of the Fair rapidly drawing near. The landscape work added 

 the finishing touches. It followed the graders, the electrician, the 

 water men, the gas men, the telephone men, the sewer diggers, the 

 carpenters, the plasterers, the painters and too often there was a feel- 

 ing among them — well we will get our part done — not thinking of 

 the landscape man. Much of our work when away from buildings 

 was carried on from the start; of course, I mean by this practical 

 part, the actually doing of the work, while long before there were 

 many plans worked out in the offices of the department. 



Now as to the kind of landscape work that was done; there are 

 in landscape art three distinct styles; first, the natural, where every- 

 thing is made to look like nature, as if it belonged there or grew 

 there, as it were, here trees, shrubs and fiowers are arranged in 

 groups and not in rows ; second, the formal style where plants are 

 put • in rows and made to form geometrical figures ; and, third, the 

 picturesque style, very little of the latter, however, was used. 



Examples of the formal style are found in the Cascade Gardens, 

 the Fine Art Court, the Sunken Garden, the Plaza of Orleans and 

 Machinery Garden, the surrounding architecture of these places called 

 for this formal style. 



The natural style was used in many parts of the grounds ; for 

 instance, beside the buildings and along the lagoons. A good example 

 of this style was the large plantation on the hillside south of the 

 Educational building, also along the south side of the Transportation 

 building. Here first a finished grade was established, then the out- 

 line of the bed staked out and a hole dug where every tree or shrub 

 was to be planted. These holes were filled with soil hauled from dis- 



