Winter Meeting. 347 



not as a novelty but as a necessity of health. We now have com- 

 mercial orchards, commercial varieties, and commercial value. And 

 the more there is grown, the more there is consumed. And in quan- 

 tity, quality and variety, and the difference in handling- fruit now, 

 •compared with 30 years ago is very great. 



EDUCATIONAL PHASES OE FRUIT GROWING. 



(Trof. S. A. Hoover, Warreusburg, Mo.) 



Primitive man worked from necessity. He had no thoughts beyond 

 his brutal wants, and these were few and simple. The seashore with its 

 abundant life furnished him much of his food. The woods gave their 

 share in the way of game and wild fruits. The hollow tree and the 

 natural cave gave him protection from cold and the savage beasts which 

 roamed the forests. 



As men multiplied and food and shelter became scarce, then man's 

 inventive genius was developed. He built rude huts, made fish-hooks of 

 bone, invented traps for catching animals and fashioned some rough tools 

 out of stone. He did only what necessity compelled him to do. He had 

 not yet developed into a being who works because his work gives him 

 pleasure. Later his shelter became a home. He made some crude efforts 

 toward decorations. At first his hand was to him knife, fork and table. 

 His necessities compelled him to shape from the hard rock a knife. A 

 smooth rock was used for a table and a piece of bark made a fairly good 

 plate. He slaked his thirst by lying down and drinking from the brook 

 or spring. When he could not reach the water in the usual way he dip- 

 ped it up with his hand. After centuries of development he made his 

 home, his table and his dishes beautiful because it gave him pleasure to 

 •do so. This was a work of love and not of necessity. 



Eruit growing combines both necessity and pleasure. To civilized 

 man, fruit has become as much of a necessity as bread. No man can 

 fully enjoy either life or health without fruit. Not simply an apple for 

 ■himself or his family, but an abundance the year through, fresh, canned 

 -and dried. 



But this is not all, fruit growing gives pleasure to man. No intelli- 

 gent being enjoys life in its fullest without work. It is popularly sup- 

 posed that Adam had nothing to do except to sit under the trees and en- 

 joy the ripened fruit as it fell from the bough. But God had said to 

 Tiim "dress the garden and keep it in order." Adam was therefore the 

 "first fruit grower of whom we have any record. 



