Miscellaneous. 367 



apple bud louse is sucking the very life out of the buds. And this he 

 will continue to do unless you give him a liberal supply of kerosene 

 emulsion, or dust him with ground lime and concentrated lye. Then 

 there are other insects of the same nature. They come into the world 

 a-sucking — never get strong enough or dignified enough to eat or bite, 

 but continue to suck their miserable lives away, as well as the life of the 

 bud, leaf and limb upon which they feed. 



But this is only the beginning. Bud-moth, canker worm, codling 

 moth and gouger are lurking in every secret place waiting their ap- 

 pointed time. It will soon be here, and if we do not fight, "the next gale 

 that sweeps from the north," and from the south, east and west as well, 

 wall bring to our ears at least an imaginary chirrup, hum and whir of 

 millions of these pestiferous enemies, besides many that come in the 

 night as quietly and stealthily as a Japanese army or Togo's gunboat 

 flotilla. 



"VVe must spray! I repeat it, sir, we must spray! We have no 

 election. If we were base enough to desire it, it is now too late to retire 

 from the contest. The war is actually begun, and it is vain to extenuate 

 the matter. We may cry ease, ease ; but there is no ease ; and if we 

 stand here idle, our fruit will be ruined, and we shall be swept from 

 the woods, for such and such only will our orchards soon become." 



Gentlemen, if a bird law is a good thing, why not a spray law that 

 would compel every raiser of fruit to spray his trees? Many would 

 object, o£ course, but laws should be made to secure the greatest good 

 to the greatest number. The objectors know they dO' fight insects on 

 their hogs and chickens, calves, colts and kids, and if their neighbors do 

 not help at least in this last case they get mad, and take their children 

 out of school. 



But upon this enough for the present. We naturally ask how, with 

 what, and when shall we spray ? The method and material used are 

 so dependent they may be discussed together. There are tw^o methods. 

 The old or liquid spray, the new or dust spray. In method these are 

 quite different; in material, much alike. 



The old uses water as a conveyor, which has no value other than to 

 make a heavy load, and on a warm, dry day facilitate fungous growth. 

 The new uses lime for a conveyor, which is light, a well known fertilizer, 

 very useful on all sandy land, and to no mean degree both a fungicide 

 and an insecticide. 



For a fungicide the old uses copper sulphate, either in solution or 

 as liquid Bordeaux. Only in a simple solution in water can they get 

 copper sulphate on their trees, for the moment they add lime to neutralize 



