390 State Horticultural Society. 



than the other, so as to accomodate an extra and a first size, or grades. 

 They are all packed in regular tiers and fit the boxes as nicely as oranges. 

 The western apples do not grow to a uniform size. They grow more 

 large apples in proportion to the waste than eastern growers, but they 

 still have under-sized and imperfect fruit, which is left in the orchard, 

 where much of the same grade in New York should be left. The barrel 

 is an ideal package for concealing trash and stuff that never should be 

 shipped. 



Country Gentleman. L. B. P. 



SPRAYING OF GRAPES. 



(Paper read at late meeting of Quinc5% Illinois, Fruit Growers' Association, 



by E. J. Baxter, Nauvoo, 111.) 



In the spraying of grapes, as well as in the spraying of all kinds of 

 fruits whether for the prevention of fungus diseases or the destruction of 

 insect pests, there are at least three cardinal points to be observed, if 

 success is to crown our efforts. These are : 



1st. To use good, pure ingredients and to make the mixture prop- 

 erly, for if it is not made as it should be, }ou might as well pour it out on 

 the ground for all the good that will result from using it. 



2nd. To apply this mixture at the right time. This is also very 

 important from the fact that we spray to prevent disease, not to cure it, 

 and there is a time, if you delay beyond which all other sprayings can 

 not remedy the damage done. 



3rd. To apply the mixture properly. This is equally as important 

 as the two foregoing conditions, for although your mixture may be made 

 with good pure ingredients and properly made and applied at the right 

 time, and yet, if not properly applied you will still fail to obtain the best 

 results, the saving of your crop. 



HOW TO MAKE THE MIXTURE. 



Procure the purest sulphate of copper (blue stone) that you can, the 

 purer the better the success. Some sulphates of copper contain sulphate 

 of iron or sulphate of zinc or both, in greater or less quantities. If it 

 contain more than two to three per cent of these materials, it should be 

 rejected as impure. 



For every fifty gallons of mixture you want to make at one time 

 take six pounds of blue stone, put it in a common flour sack and suspend 



