184 State Horticultural Society, 



This Is what the farmer knows: 

 Nature In her sweetest guise, 

 Beauty of the earth and skies. 

 Honest toll and_ calm repose. 

 Secrets knows he 

 Of the soil; 



Knows the sweets 

 That come of toil ; 

 Knows the nod 

 Of rip'ning grain ; 

 Knows the harvest 

 And its gain. 



— Orange Judd Farmer. 



MIX THE VARIETIES OP APPLES WHEN PLANTING. 



About ten years ago Prof. M. B. Waite called attention to the absolute 

 sterility of certain varieties of pears when fertilized by their own pollen. 

 Later Prof. F. A. Waugh and others showed that all the varieties of Jap- 

 anese plums are self-sterile, and will not bear any fruit whatever unless 

 crossed with other varieties. This work led to similar investigations 

 with apples, and very interesting results have been obtained. The Ben 

 Davis apple, which proved self-fertile at the Kansas Experiment Station, 

 was found entirely self-fertile at the experiment stations in Rhode Island, 

 Vermont and Canada. Even in Kansas, where 26 per cent of the self- 

 fertilized blossoms set fruit, it was found that the self-pollinated fruit 

 was not so large or so vigorous as the fruit from cross-fertilized blossoms 

 on the same tree. Besides a much larger proportion of the self-fertilized 

 fruits dropped before they reached the size of a hazelnut than of the 

 cross-pollinated fruit. 



The following alphabetical list shows the varieties of apples that have 

 thus far been found by actual trial at one or more experiment stations to 

 be self-sterile : Arkansas Black, Belleflower, Astrachan, Ben Davis, 

 Blenheim, Canada Red, Early Ripe, English Russet, Fameuse, Fanny, Gil- 

 pin, Golden Pearmain, Gravenstein, Grimes Golden, Hawley, Huntsman, 

 King, Lily of Kent, Mammoth Black Twig, Mann, Missouri Pippin, Nero, 

 Northern Spy, Paragon, Porter, Primate, Red Kennedy, Red Streak, Rib- 

 ston, Rhode Island Greening, Roseau, Roxbury Russet, Spitzenberg, 

 Stark, Stayman, Strawberry, Talman Sweet, Wealthy, Westfield, Wil- 

 liams Favorite, Willow Twig and Winesap. 



The following varieties have been found more or less self-fertile and 

 capable of producing some fruit when standing alone and not cross-pol- 

 linated: Alexander, Astrachan, Baldwin, Ben Davis, Bough, Cooper 



