314 State Horticultural Society. 



we started in to see if we could do anything to reduce and hold in check 

 these orchard pests. Having been taught that anything which was 

 worth doing was worth doing well, we purchased a good spray-pump 

 and a dust spraying machine. 



Our liquid spraying outfit consisted of a good, strong pump (the 

 Eclipse), plenty of the best hose procurable, brass-lined bamboo exten- 

 sion rods, ten feet long, double Vermorel nozzles and a 150-gallon up- 

 rig"ht stave tank. 



Our first spraying was done in the spring of 1903, while trees were 

 yet in a dormant condition, using four pounds of blue vitriol to fifty gal- 

 lons of water. 



Second' spraying was done just before blossoms opened, using 4-4-50 

 Bordeaux mixture. Third spraying was done immediately after blos- 

 soms fell, adding one pound Paris green to 150 gallons of the Bor- 

 deaux mixture, and in about eight days we began dust spraying, but 

 owing to that disastrous freeze of May i, we only sprayed twice with 

 the dust mixture, finishing about May 16. 



The apple crop that year was almost a complete failure, so we did 

 not see much, if any, results from our spraying. 



In the spring of 1904 we sprayed three times with the liquid, the 

 same as the previous year; that is, while trees were perfectly dormant, 

 just before petals opened and as soon as the blossoms fell. Then we 

 sprayed three times with the dust mixture, at intervals of from ten to 

 fifteen days. We obtained fairly good results this season, considering 

 the excesive wet weather experienced throughout the entire season. 

 The orchard matured about twenty-five per cent, of a crop, and the 

 fruit was of good size and shape, and while the apples were pretty badly 

 infected with scab, there was not a very large per cent, wormy. The 

 foliage also had a better color, and stayed on later in the season than 

 the previous year. 



Spring of 1905 we used the liquid spray three times, spraying the 

 same as we did the two previous years, and also sprayed three times 

 with the dust mixture at intervals of from ten to twenty days. 



■ This year results were most gratifying indeed, as the orchard 

 matured about forty-five per cent, of a crop of nice, large, smooth, well- 

 shaped and highly-colored apples, with less than ten per cent, going in 

 the cull pile, with the buyer in the orchard doing the grading. The 

 trees also are in excellent condition, with no scab to speak of on the 

 foliage except in the uncultivated part. 



Ciiltivation. — About forty acres of this orchard has received clean 

 cultivation ; twenty acres has been in clover the past two years, and 

 twenty acres have received but very little cultivation, only discing the 



