344 State Horticultural Society. 



/th — In clayey, compact soils, where water will stand, drainage must 

 be provided, as water standing around roots sours and kills the tree, 

 in this case too nmch water is worse than not enough. 



8th — Never let a transplanted tree suffer for water in extreme 

 dvy seasons, ^^'hen the soil around cracks open it is time to cultivate 

 and water. 



9th — Trees not staked or stayed sway with the wind and break 

 off their new fibre roots. 



lOth — Carelessness in packing and drying out in shipping arc injuri- 

 ous. 



1 1 th — Stripping leaves to hasten or prolong the planting season 

 only weakens the tree. 



1 2th — Dehorning trees, sometimes called pruning, is ruinous. De- 

 cay sets in at the ends of the branches so butchered and the new 

 growth always breaks off at such points. All branches cut back should 

 be cut oft* close to the trunk and with chisel and mallet smoothed off 

 and painted over. 



• 13th — A transplanted tree has less sap to fill cells, is less active 

 in its work and the sudden thaw of winter thaws the bark quickly and 

 the cells collapse before the sap rises. The following summer's suns 

 curl up this bark that was injured by the sudden winter's thaw. A 

 ''\ " shaped guard or a lath, screen will prevent this, and is of more value 

 than a hay rope, which is a bait for horses and a harbor for bugs, and 

 holds moisture around the trunk, and thereby weakens the tree ; give 

 tl'ie tree light and air and do not make any hiding place for insects. 



14th — Workmen tying guy ropes to trees, boys beating the trunks 

 of trees with ball bats, clubs, sticks, etc. and horses biting the trees 

 all loosen the bark and produce the same effect as the sudden thaw. 



15th — Cultivating the ground around newly planted trees and 

 mulching of same holds moisture in extreme dry seasons, but heavy 

 mulching is an objection in extreme wet seasons. 



i6th — Feeding of trees is as essential to their growth, in poor soil, 

 as is sunlight and air. 



17th — Select trees to suit the location, environment and soil. City 

 gas, smoke and soil are not beneficial to trees. 



1 8th — Cutting off roots in laying walks and filling in cinders around 

 ends of cut roots destroys many trees. Better cut the roots one foot 

 back from the walk and fill in with soil. 



19th — Walks laid close up to the trunks of trees, and in some cases 

 cement all around the trunk, prevents further growth and destroys the 

 tree in time. 



